Determination of rheological parameters of rod-type bio-polymer (Xanthan) solutions as a single (mobile) phase in sand packs is discussed. In one series residual oil is present. Apparent viscosities approximated from sand pack experiments could be described by a Carreau type of equation. Since no real in situ polymer solution viscosities and permeabilities to these solutions can be determined up to now a practical way out of this problem is the determination of mobilities to the polymer solution with the help of the Darcy equation. These polymer mobilities can be described with a modified Carreau type of equation. RF, RRF values and polymer mobilities are discussed in the context of apparent polymer viscosities. Up-front and residual polymer retention have been estimated for conditions of 100 % accessible porevolume.
ms paper was $eleckd for pfesentafmn by en SPE Program Cormmltee follc+wng rwmw IX mfofmatlon ccmtamac m an abstract sutmwtted by tlw m.dfwr(t). Ccotents of the paper, as presantad have nci % rev!mwd by the SOCM$Yof Petroleum Engineers and are subI@ to wrodion w tho auttwr(s) Tfw maforial, q lxaaonled, does noi -sanly rafscf any pwtmn of the Scuaty of Petroleum EwIoeam, its ofkars, or mm-nbem Papws presallted at SPE msetmgs are tiject to Puk4tcatcm review by Edtwlal Commlttaew of ttm Scciety of Petfoleum Engineers PerrmssIwf 10 copy IS redriclod to m abstract of nc+ mm than 3C0 words Illuatratmm maY not h coined The abstrti should ccotam aspiumus atincwfadgemeti of wtwre and by whom the paper wac WIti. Write Lit#an8n, SPE, P O BOX8333836, Rchardscn TX 7EOW-3936 U S A, fax 01-214-952.9435 AbstractThe Aasgard Unit, located in the Norwegian Sea, is comprised of the Midgard, Smarbukk and Smmbukk Sar Fields. The fields are developed as a unit to increase both economic potential and recoverable resources. Aasgard will be developed with two production units. A floating production, storage and off loading unit (FPSO) will provide early liquid production capacity. A semi-submersible gas center (SEMI) will provide facilities required for the gas export phase. Both production units will be located on or near the SmOrbukk Field.The volumes of recoverable hydrocarbons on Aasgard are estimated to be 232 x 10' Sm' of sales gas and 123 x 10s Sm3 of hydrocarbon liquids (oil, condensate, naphtha).The reservoir quality and fluid content of the three fields vary widely. Midgard contains a relatively lean gas condensate in high quality sandstone. Smarbukk contains volatile oil and rich gas condensate in fairly low quality sandstone. The GOR ranges from 300-400 Sm'/Sm3 in the richest fluid systems on Smorbukk and Smarbukk Sm. to 5000 Sm'/Sm] on Midgard. In addition, a certain amount of C02 and H2S is expected in the well stream.The production strategy reflects the variability in the reservoir quality and fluid content. Initially the gas contract is covered by Midgard, containing a lean gas condensate, and some smaller reservoirs in Smmbukk, containing richer gas condensates. The main liquid reservoirs in Smorbukk and SmarbukJc Sm are gas flooded. Aasgard's gas export level was chosen to insure that these reservoirs are completely flooded before the gas is required to maintain the gas export rate.The Aasgard development plan assumes a total of 60 sub sea wells (4 I producers and 19 injectors). The wells are connected either to the production ship or to the gas center via sub sea templates and flow lines. For Smarbukk Sm, horizontal and branched wells are planned. Midgard and Smarbukk are planned developed using conventional wells. Due to the low permeability and in order to mitigate the effect of liquid drop out in the reservoir, wells on the Smarbukk Field will be stimulated by massive hydraulic tlacturing.
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