The conditions for optimal steam decontamination of polypropylene bags half loaded with laboratory biomedical waste were studied (276 bags were processed). Controls were single-closed bags without water added or incisions made in the top, standing freely in an autoclave set at 121°C. The average time required to reach 121°C at the load center was 46 min for controls. A significant increase in this time occurred following addition of water to bags without incisions (60 min), with double bagging (60 min), or when using vertical containers (82 min). A significant decrease occurred when bags were slashed (37 min) or processed at 123°C (32 min) or 132°C (19 min). Horizontal containers or addition of water to slashed bags had no significant effect.