This comparative study suggests that age and clinical presentation distinguish most patients with discitis from those with vertebral osteomyelitis. Although radiographs of the spine usually are sufficient to establish the diagnosis of discitis, MRI is the diagnostic study of choice for pediatric patients with suspected vertebral osteomyelitis.

Clinical data and magnetic resonance imaging scans from 10 patients with lissencephaly were reviewed. Although 6 of the 10 patients were less than 1 year old at the time of their most recent examination, those who were old enough for developmental assessment were, with a single exception, severely developmentally delayed. All patients had anatomical features compatible with impaired neuronal migration but normal myelination and, consequently, adequate glial migration. The severity of the lissencephaly did not seem to correlate with the severity of the clinical manifestations. One patient showed less delayed development than anticipated, perhaps because the most severely involved region of the brain was the prefrontal area.

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Thirteen patients with biopsy-proved adenocarcinoma were prospectively examined with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with use of a 1.5-T superconducting magnet. All patients subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy and careful, axial, histologic mapping of prostatic disease. Histologic findings were recorded on serial, axial diagrams to ensure precise pathologic correlation with the MR images. MR permitted identification of eight of 12 (67%) adenocarcinomas as hypointense foci (relative to the surrounding, higher intensity, peripheral zone); but tumor volume was under-estimated with MR imaging in five of eight cases (63%). Nodules of prostatic hyperplasia were identified correctly in only one of nine patients (11%). These findings suggest that, despite that fact that high field strength MR imaging currently does not depict all pathologic foci within the prostate, it may be of predictive value in the differential diagnosis of prostatic abnormalities when their locations are demonstrable.