Background: Full blood count (FBC) is a prerequisite investigation requested from all prostate cancer (PCa) patients pre and post treatment, poor parameter influences the outcome of cancers.Methods: Total subjects consisted of 84 male subjects between the ages 41 to >80 years. Longitudinal study was conducted. Controls and test samples were collected at diagnosis and at different stages of the treatment. Demographic information was obtained using a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) PC, version 20.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, III., USA; the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve was obtained via neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) ratios cut-off determinations. Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses the prognostic factors (duration, ratios) and overall survival (diagnosis to death or last follow-up). A paired sample t-test compared test of significance in pre/post treatment results. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD post-hoc, test susceptibility within age groups was done.Results: Increased NLR and LMR were significantly associated with increased hazard ratio (HR) and OS at p<0.05 while PLR, no significant difference at P>0.05 in PCa. In complete blood count (CBC) and erythrocytic sedimentation rate (ESR), control and treatment period, all red blood cell (RBC) parameters showed a significant decrease at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to the pre-treatment results while total platelet (TPLT), total white blood cells (TWBC), NC, LC, ESR showed significant increase at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to pre-treatment results. Age group 41-50 years showed more susceptibility than other age groups with significant decrease at p<0.05 in NC, LC and increased MC.Conclusions: This study supports CBC and ESR biomarkers as a prognostic tool in early detection, treatment and monitoring of disease progression in these subjects.
Background: The experience of painful episodes of ill health caused by sequelae of erythrocytes sickling, impaired blood flow, hypercoagulation and vaso-occlusion is one of the hallmarks of sickle cell disease. Preventing painful episodes and promoting the physical wellbeing of persons with sickle cell disease is usually a major objective in the management of the condition. The purpose of this study is to investigate capillary blood flow and D-Dimer activities in people with sickle cell anaemia.Methods: A total of 90 subjects (27 males and 63 females) participated in the study, the study comprised of 34 HbSS patients, three were in crisis and thirty-one in steady state, 9 sickle cell carriers (HbAS) and 47 HbAA were control subjects. The haemoglobin phenotype was determined using haemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH (8.6), speed of capillary blood flow was estimated using vascular Doppler ultrasonographic technique and D-Dimer was determined using ELISA method.Results: Results obtained showed that there was a significant variation (p=0.042) in the mean levels D-Dimer among the groups. There was however no significant variations (p>0.05) in the other parameters among the groups. A post hoc analysis of mean D-Dimer in sickle cell patients, sickle cell carriers and controls showed that the sickle cell patients had significantly higher D-Dimer levels compared with controls.Conclusions: Sickle cells patients in steady state had higher D-Dimer levels compared with controls and sickle cell patients in crisis had lower speed of capillary blood flow when compared to sickle cell patients in steady state and controls.
Despite the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Nigeria, population based studies are scarce. This situation is worse in rural areas where the people are typically poor, not very educated and lack good hospitals. We aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among rural dwellers in Agbani, a semi-urban municipality in South East Nigeria. This was a preliminary, observational, cross-sectional investigation in which 400 adults were recruited using the 5 autonomous communities that make up Agbani as clusters. We randomly selected the initial 80 consenting adults from each village. Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS. There were 382 adults studied. There were 170 males and 212 females. The mean age was 59.37 ±15.90 years. Mean Blood Sugar was 135.69±85.94 mg/dl. The prevalence rate for hyperglycemia in this study was 20.14% or 201 persons per 1,000 rural population. There was no statistical difference between the mean blood sugar of males and females and no significant correlation between age and blood sugar.
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