Objective: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate three methods of DNA extraction for the amplification of Chlamydia trachomatis in uterine cervical samples collected in PreservCyt solution. ThinPrep is the trade name for the slide preparation.
Methods: Thirty‐eight samples collected in LCx buffer medium, which were identified as C. trachomatis infected by ligase chain reaction (LCR), were selected for this study. DNA from the PreservCyt samples was extracted by three methods: (i) QIAamp kit, (ii) boiling in Tris‐EDTA buffer with Chelex purification, and (iii) Proteinase K digestion with Chelex purification. Sample DNA was tested for the presence of C. trachomatis by PCR using cryptic plasmid research (CTP) primers and major outer membrane protein research momp gene (MOMP) primers. Real‐time (LightCycler) PCR for relative C. trachomatis quantification following DNA extraction was performed using primers (Hsp 60) for the 60 kDa heat‐shock protein hsp60 gene.
Results: Amplification using CTP primers was the most successful with each of the extraction protocols. Boiling in buffer was the least successful extraction method. QIAamp was the best extraction method, yielding the most positives with both the CTP and MOMP primers. Proteinase K‐Chelex extraction gave similar sensitivity to QIAamp extraction with CTP primers but lower for MOMP primers.
Conclusions: The DNA extraction method must be carefully selected to ensure that larger PCR amplicons can be successfully produced by PCR and to ensure high sensitivity of detection of C. trachomatis. In this study it was found that the QIAamp extraction method followed by PCR with the CTP primers was the most successful for amplification of C. trachomatis DNA.
The study purpose was to determine the impact of demographic, social, environmental, and health indicators on utilization of community-based services among black and white female elders. Existing data from a regional Area Agency on Aging was used and the sample (N = 1816) included low income and rural females. Races differed in use and services most frequently used were case management, outreach, congregate meal, and home delivered meals. Multiple linear and logistic regression indicated that age, payment source, income adequacy, residence, health conditions, sensory impairment, and function were associated with the number and types of services used, but these differed by race. Study findings have implications for health care providers, educators, policy makers, and planners.
This study is the first to examine the background level of male DNA on underpants worn by females in the absence of sexual contact. Here, we examined 103 samples from the inside front of underpants from 85 female volunteers. Samples were examined for the presence of male DNA using NGM SElect and PowerPlex Y23 kits. Only five samples gave a “complete” Y‐STR profile, even though 83.5% of our volunteers cohabited with a male. In all cases where a partner reference sample was available, the Y‐STR profile matched the cohabiting partner. We have demonstrated that a Y‐STR profile is not expected on the inside front of underpants worn by females after social contact alone. The results of this study are informative for evaluating the significance of a Y‐STR profile on underpants in cases of alleged sexual assault.
Literature about the significance of health promotion for the elderly and identification of various determinants of health-promoting activities contains numerous inconsistencies. From a review of nursing and health-related literature over the past decade, it is possible to draw only limited conclusions about the commitment of the elderly to health-promoting behaviors. Despite this, the importance of the roles of social support and spirituality for the empowerment of older adults to practice health-promoting activities is a consistent research finding in this population. Parish nurse programs expand home health and public health provider roles and use the faith community as a cooperative means for sociocultural implementation of successful health promotion. Significance for nursing education, practice, and research is discussed.
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