Abstract-Migration of aortic smooth muscle cells is thought to be of essential importance in vascular restenosis, remodeling, and angiogenesis. Recent studies have shown that NO donors inhibit the migration of subcultured aortic smooth muscle cells. However, there is evidence that NO elicits opposite effects on cell proliferation in primary versus subcultured cells, indicating fundamental differences among different models of aortic smooth muscle cell cultures. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of NO donors on migration of primary cultures of rat aortic smooth muscle cells and to compare and contrast their response with those in subcultured cells. A second purpose was to investigate some of the underlying mechanisms associated with NO-induced effects on cell migration. We report that 2 NO donors, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and 2,2-(hydroxynitrosohydrazino)bis-ethanamine, stimulated the migration of primary cells in a wounded-culture model as well as in a transwell migration model. The effect of NO donors was mimicked by 2 cGMP analogues and C-type natriuretic peptide and blocked by a specific inhibitor of guanyl cyclase, 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo[4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one, indicating the involvement of cGMP as second messenger. Moreover, neither NO donors nor cGMP analogues altered migration of primary cultures stimulated by either FBS or angiotensin II. In contrast to its effect in primary cultures, SNAP did not alter basal or stimulated migration of subcultured cells, except at a relatively high concentration of 1 mmol/L, at which migration was inhibited. The migration-stimulatory effect of NO donors and cGMP was associated with altered cell morphology and dissociation of actin filaments, consistent with recent studies indicating that cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization influence cell migration. The results suggest the possible involvement of NO-induced cell migration in vascular injury or remodeling, representing conditions in which vascular NO levels would be expected to be elevated. (Circ Res. 1999;84:655-667.)

No abstract

No abstract

Weight and shape concerns in college women are epidemic. Understanding the role of the thin ideal in the development of such concerns is critical for designing prevention programs. This study examines the association between the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ; Heinberg, Thompson, & Stormer, 1995), a measure of internalization and awareness of the thin ideal, and eating and body image concerns in college women. 70 undergraduates completed questionnaires on eating symptomatology, body image, and demographics. In general, internalization, but not awareness, of the thin ideal was associated with eating and weight concerns. In a two-way analysis of body mass and dichotomized SATAQ internalization scores, body mass moderated the effects of internalization, with overweight women high in internalization having the most body image concerns. Prospectively, SATAQ-internalization scores predicted increasing drive for thinness over the school year in a subsample of women. Future research should explore the moderating effects of weight on outcomes related to internalization of the thin ideal.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.