This paper describes the urban stream syndrome at Recife, a coastal city at northeast Brazil. The term “urban stream syndrome” have been used to describe ecological degradation of streams in urban environment. Recife city comprises by a low flat plain surrounded by small hills, with a network of water ways formed by three main rivers and almost a hundred of streams, some of them severely degraded. The accelerated population growth has generated disorderly urbanization and has negatively affected the water courses that suffer from problems of water quantity and quality. To carry out a diagnosis and check if the stream is sick, the integrity of the banks, color and smell of the water in the streams, the chemical quality of the water, the presence of organic matter and problems with the fauna were analyzed. Around 25% of the city sewage is not collected, which leads to the pollution of the entire water network. Most of the streams are eutrophic, with very low levels of dissolved oxygen and only more tolerant species can survive. Gradually society and public managers are becoming aware of the problems of urban streams and some initiatives are being taken to face the problem.
The catch basins have paramount importance for an urban drainage system, since its main functionality is to capture and control the volume of transported water from the ground to the existing network, until its arrival in rivers and seas. With disorderly urbanization, the volume of produced garbage grows and drainage systems are impaired. In this way, the present work presents some devices created and implanted in the microdrainage group in the city of Recife. Three eco-basket models were installed inside the collection boxes. The initial version, made of cast iron, did not present a good viability due to its mass, with approximately 30 kg. A second HDPE version was then created, showing positive results, however interactions with some external agents (mainly rodents) reduced its useful life. Finally, the third model was built in fiberglass, meeting expectations satisfactorily. The results obtained proved to be convincing, since that after the implantation of a minimum amount of devices, more than a ton of debris were removed, which would obstruct the microdrainage system, and thus, would potentiate the effects of flooding, still associated with diseases of water transmission and the pollution of urban waters.
A bacia do rio Beberibe abrange quatro municípios de Pernambuco e tem significativa importância nos seus sistemas de drenagens urbana. O trecho do baixo Beberibe possui um adensamento populacional intenso, inclusive nas suas margens, que associado ao descarte irregular dos resíduos sólidos, polui e abstrói a calha do rio, que na ocorrência de picos de chuvas, resulta em alagamentos e inundações na área. Na intenção de minimizar esses transtornos, essa pesquisa visa analisar a vazão de cheia da sub-bacia do rio Beberibe, para implementar medidas estruturais e não estruturais de drenagem urbana sustentável. A metodologia utilizada consistiu em simular as vazões de cheia para tempos de retorno de 05 e 10 anos, a partir de hidrogramas de cheias gerados por meio do modelo ABC6. Os resultados demonstraram que a sub-bacia do rio Beberibe tende a uma vazão de pico de 46,61m³/s e 63,95 m³/s, respectivamente. Dessa forma, foram apresentadas áreas permeáveis disponíveis para implementação de reservatórios de detenção, para atuarem como medida de controle de enchente nos períodos de chuvas intensas, além de medidas não estruturais a serem implantadas no entorno do rio e para as comunidades ribeirinhas.Palavras chaves: águas pluvais; modelo hidrológico; alagamentos. Urban Drainage: A Flood Flow Analysis for the Beberibe River Sub-Basin using the ABC6 modelA B S T R A C TThe Beberibe river basin covers four municipalities in Pernambuco and has significant importance in its urban drainage systems. The lower Beberibe stretch has an intense population density, including on its banks, which, associated with the irregular disposal of solid waste, pollutes and drains the river channel, which in the event of rain peaks, results in flooding and flooding in the area. In order to minimize these disturbances, this research aims to analyze the flood flow of the Beberibe River sub-basin, to implement structural and non-structural sustainable urban drainage measures. The methodology used consisted of simulating the flood flows for return times of 05 and 10 years, from flood hydrographs generated through the ABC6 model. The results showed that the Beberibe River sub-basin tends to a peak flow of 46.61 m³/s and 63.95 m³/s, respectively. In this way, permeable areas available for the implementation of detention reservoirs were presented, to act as a flood control measure in periods of intense rainfall, in addition to non-structural measures to be implemented around the river and for riverside communities.Keywords: rainwater; hydrological model; floods.
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