Hemotherapy services play a key role in attracting donors and providing safe blood to the population. The apheresis platelet collection procedure is a relatively simple, safe and important procedure for increasing the stocks of these services. However, the recruitment and retention of these donors still represent a major challenge. Objective: Evaluating the profile of donors of blood components by apheresis in the Transfusion Unit of Professor Alberto Antunes University Hospital - UFAL, as well as knowing the hematological parameters pre- and post-donation, the occurrence of the main adverse events related to the procedure and the difficulties faced by the donor. Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study. We analyzed a total of 160 forms of apheresis donors from March 2017 to June 2018. The data were tabulated using the Excel program, and then analyzed in order to determinethe objectives. Results: Most donors were male (93.13%), aged between 25 and 40 years (48.75%) and brown (25.62%). There was a slight prevalence of singles (49.37%) and 73.75% were from Maceió. The most prevalent ABO and Rh phenotyping was O+ (39.3%). Most of the procedures were simple platelet collection (75.60%) and the occurrence of adverse events during donations was 30.63%. Conclusion: Evaluation of apheresis donor profile and the knowledge of the possible side effects related to the procedure provided a better understanding of this type of donation and may improve the capture and retention processes of these individuals, minimizing the effects of lack of blood for Alagoana population.
Objective: To determine the frequency and specificity of erythrocyte alloimmunization in patients treated by hemotherapy at the University Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes - UFAL, Maceió-Alagoas, in the period 2013-2018. Methods: Retrospective analysis all patient records with request for red blood cell concentrate (RBC) with a positive erythrocyte antibody test. Results: The incidence of erythrocyte alloimmunization was higher in women n=144 (80.45%) than in men n=35 (19.55%). We detected 13 antibodies, the most frequent specificities identified were anti-D (35.20%), anti-M (12.30%) and anti-E (7.82%). The combination of antibodies occurred in twenty-six cases with prevalence for combinations of antibodies of the Rh system, anti-D + anti-C (23.08%). The highest incidence of alloantibodies was observed in pregnant women. Conclusion: The population studied had high levels of alloimmunization through the Rh System, greater specificity of alloimmunization in women through anti-D and higher rate of alloimmunization among men over the age of 40. Further studies are necessary for a better understanding of red blood cell alloimmunization for population of Alagoas.
Introdução: A aférese é um procedimento onde o sangue de um único doador é retirado, separado em hemácias, plasma e plaquetas. A plaquetaférese é importante na terapêutica transfusional de pacientes com câncer, diminuindo as chances de doenças relacionadas à transfusão e reações transfusionais. Objetivo: Apresentar uma análise comparada dos procedimentos de coleta por aférese de um serviço de hemoterapia entre os anos 2017 e 2018, período inicial de sua implantação. Métodos: 162 protocolos de aférese do setor de coleta de sangue da Unidade Transfusional do Hospital Universitário foram utilizados neste estudo. Trata-se, de um estudo retrospectivo, observacional, com revisão de dados dos procedimentos de doação por aférese. Resultados: 62 procedimentos por aférese foram realizados totalizando 200 hemocomponentes durante o período da pesquisa. A maior incidência de doadores foi do sexo masculino (93%) em comparação ao sexo feminino (7%). Identificou-se 49 casos de reações adversas à doação (30,2%), sendo as mais frequentes: hematoma em local de punção (40,81%) e formigamento labial (38,78%), seguindo de reação vaso-vagal (16,33%). Conclusão: A implantação da coleta de plaquetas por aférese no serviço de hemoterapia promoveu maior suporte ao atendimento de pacientes com alta necessidade transfusional, agilidade e melhoria na qualidade do hemocomponente ofertado.
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