the Helicobacter pylori in this association being discovered at the end of the last century by Marshall and Warren. Since then, studies have related H. pylori to several gastric illnesses, including gastric cancer [1,2]. The eradication of this bacteria is one of the subjects most studied in this regard [3,4]. Most of the published studies are about the eradication of H. pylori in nonoperated stomachs; however, there are few references to this eradication in gastrectomized patients; in particular, in those with a Roux-en-Y diversion [5]. As far as we know the efficacy of antibiotics for the eradication of H. pylori depends on several factors: the gastric pH, the level of drug in the gastric mucosa, and acquired resistance [6]. These factors could explain some of the alterations that occur in the efficacy of H. pylori eradication when medications are used in patients with a partially removed stomach.The cause of gastric stump cancer is multifactorial, and H. pylori seems to be one of these factors [7]. The eradication of H. pylori decreases the risk of the development of gastric stump cancer [8]. Therefore, it is considered of fundamental importance to carry out a clinical study that could verify the efficacy of a triple therapy regimen in gastrectomized patients. This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of H. pylori eradication with a triple therapy regimen (clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and lansoprazole) in gastrectomized and nongastrectomized patients, having as an hypothesis that there could be alterations in the efficacy of the treatment (due to the physiological and anatomical differences of the gastrectomized stomach), which could mean that a new therapeutic regimen would be needed. AbstractBackground. The cause of cancer in the gastric stump is multifactorial, and Helicobacter pylori is one of these factors. Its eradication has been recommended; however, there are few studies about of H. pylori eradication in gastrectomized patients. Methods. Twenty gastrectomized patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and Roux-en-Y reconstruction (study group) infected by H. pylori were compared with nongastrectomized patients (control group) also infected by H. pylori. The presence of H. pylori was determined by the ultra-quick urease test and from a histological sample obtained by endoscopy. Both groups received the same triple therapy regimen. Results. The rate of eradication of H. pylori in the study group was 90% and in the control group, it was 85%. Sex, age, and postoperative time did not influence the rate of eradication. Conclusion. There were no differences in the efficacy of H. pylori eradication between the two groups; therefore, the triple therapy regimen is effective for the eradication of H. pylori in gastrectomized patients with a Roux-en-Y reconstruction.