ZnO nanoporous structures were prepared on Cu substrates by electrochemical deposition in solutions of ZnCl 2 + ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) at a temperature of 90 °C. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical reactions relevant to the film growth. The transfer coefficient and diffusion coefficient of Zn(II) in 0.05 mol L -1 ZnCl 2 + 0.01 mol L -1 EDTA at 343 K were calculated as 0.276 and 5.12 × 10 -10 m 2 s -1 , respectively. The synthetic parameters in this research allowed further structural manipulation for ZnO nanoporous films. The morphology evolvement from uniform planar foam structures to bricklike and spherelike foam structures could be realized by changing the current densities of electrodeposition. The PL spectra of the prepared ZnO samples show that few oxygen vacancies or interstitial Zn centers would be formed when the electrochemical deposition was carried out with a low current density (e0.1 mA/cm 2 ).
The dendritic crystal growth patterns that typically grow along principal crystallographic axes and have the hierarchical structure have been attracting much attention from scientists for several centuries. Here we report that the ZnO dendritic nanostructure as a new member of the ZnO family could be successfully prepared on Cu substrates by electrochemical deposition in the solution of ZnCl 2 + citric acid at a temperature of 90 °C. Furthermore, our synthetic parameters allow further structural manipulation. The morphology evolvement from dendritic structures to nanorods could be successfully realized when KCl as supporting electrolyte was added to the deposition solution. The green light emission band of the ZnO dendritic structure prepared in 0.05 M ZnCl 2 + 0.05 M citric acid is almost negligible, indicating that these ZnO deposits are highly crystallized and of excellent optical quality. The PL spectra of the as-grown ZnO nanorods show they possess many oxygen vacancies, and the acquired ZnO nanorods have a potential application in sensors.
Rare-earth ion-doped ZnO has been the focus of numerous investigations because of its unique optical properties and promising applications in optoelectronic devices. Here we presented a facile electrochemical deposition route for the controllable preparation of Eu3+/ZnO nanostructures on a large scale. The prepared Eu3+/ZnO deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Herein, the growth mechanisms of Eu3+/ZnO nanosheets and nanorods were discussed. The formation process of Eu3+/ZnO foam-like nanostructures is illuminated in this paper. The room temperature photoluminescence properties of the Eu3+/ZnO foam-like nanostructures were investigated. The sharp 4f-4f transition emissions of Eu3+ can be directly observed at 593, 617, and 698 nm. An energy transfer between ZnO and Eu3+ is shown to occur under UV excitation.
Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the electrochemical behaviors of Fe(II) and Ce(III) in
3.00 mol/L urea−dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The electrode processes of Fe(II) and Ce(III) reducing on
Pt electrodes were irreversible steps. Experimental results showed that Fe(II) in 3.00 mol/L urea−DMSO
could induce the electrodeposition of Ce(III). The Ce−Fe intermetallic compounds with foam structures
were successfully obtained by potentiostatic electrodeposition in the 0.01 mol/L Ce(CH3SO3)3−0.01 mol/L
FeCl2−3.00 mol/L urea−DMSO system. The concentrations of the salts and hydrogen ions have much
effect on the pore number and wall structure of the foam. The effect of the potential of electrodeposition,
Fe2+ concentration, and the ratio of the concentrations of Ce3+ to Fe2+ in the deposition solution on the
contents of Ce in Ce−Fe intermetallic compounds were investigated in our paper. The electrodeposited
Ce−Fe intermetallic compounds were amorphous as proved by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD).
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