A supported lanthanum gallate ͑LSGM͒ electrolyte thin-film solid oxide fuel cell with Ni-YSZ cermet anode and strontium-doped lanthanum manganite ͑LSM͒-yttria stabilized zirconia ͑YSZ͒ composite cathode was, for the first time, fabricated and tested. The cell was prepared by an unconventional approach, in which an LSGM thin film ͑about 15 m thick͒ was first deposited on a porous substrate such as a porous YSZ disk by a wet process and sintered at a high temperature ͑above 1400°C͒. NiO was then incorporated into the porous substrate by a carefully controlled impregnation process and fired at a much lower temperature. In this way, the severe reaction between LSGM and NiO at a high temperature, which is required for the full densification of LSGM film, can be avoided. A strontium-doped LaMnO 3 ͑LSM͒-YSZ composite cathode was screen printed on the surface of the LSGM film and then fired at 1250°C. The electrolyte resistances of the SOFC single cells fabricated by this approach are much lower compared to those of thick LSGM film supported cells. A maximum output power density of over 0.85 W/cm 2 at 800°C with H 2 as fuel and air as oxidant for a fabricated cell was achieved.Strontium-and magnesium-doped lanthanum gallate ͑LSGM͒ was first reported to be a potential candidate as an electrolyte for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells ͑SOFCs͒ by Ishihara et al. 1 Following his work, considerable investigation have been carried out regarding its ionic conductivity, stability, and chemical and thermal compatibility with electrode materials. 2-6 Many studies have also been conducted on the fabrication of LSGM-based SOFCs. [7][8][9] In those SOFCs, thick ͑ca. 500 m͒, well-densified LSGM pellets were generally used as electrolyte. The performances of the LSGM based cells were indeed much improved compared with thick yttriastabilized zirconia ͑YSZ͒ film based SOFCs at the same conditions because of the high conductivity of the electrolyte and thus, a much lower ohmic resistance loss. A maximum output power density of a thick LSGM cell ͑600 m thick͒, around 0.90 W/cm 2 at 800°C, was reported by Huang et al., 10 which is much higher than those of the YSZ thick electrolyte based cells operated at 950-1000°C. Although the power density of an LSGM cell is improved significantly due to the high ionic conductivity of the LSGM electrolyte, it is still much lower than that of an SOFC constructed on an anode or a cathode supported YSZ thin film ͑10 m͒, for which power densities as high as 1.5-1.8 W/cm 2 have been reported. 11-13 The problem with a thick LSGM cell is that the ohmic loss of the thick electrolyte film, more than 20 times thicker than that of a YSZ thin film, is still dominant. Obviously, the reduction of the thickness of LSGM film down to 10-20 m could possibly lead to a remarkable improvement of power density and to a lower operation temperature than 800°C. However, the preparation of a supported LSGM thin film appears to be much more difficult. The complexity of the composition of LSGM makes electrochemical va...
An ordered honeycomb structure of 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA)-doped polyaniline (PANI) is fabricated in a humid atmosphere. By controlling both the relative humidity in the atmosphere and the concentration of the conducting polymer, different morphologies of the honeycomb structure can be obtained. The driving force of this procedure is capillary force (self-assembly), and water droplets serve as a template. Furthermore, the honeycomb structure film of PANI−DBSA is proved to be electroactive and exhibits semiconducting properties in the appropriate doping state.
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