Abstract. Internet cannot provide perfect information services for farmers in rural regions in China, because farmers in rural regions can hardly access the internet by now. But the wide coverage of mobile signal, telephone line, and television network, etc. gave us a chance to solve the problem. The integrated pest management platform of Northern fruit trees were developed based on the integrated technology, which can integrate the internet, mobile and fixed-line telephone network, and television network, to provide integrated pest management(IPM) information services for farmers in rural regions in E-mail, telephone-voice, short message, voice mail, videoconference or other format, to users' telephone, cell phone, personal computer, personal digital assistant(PDA), television, etc. alternatively. The architecture and the functions of the system were introduced in the paper. The system can manage the field monitoring data of agricultural pests, deal with enquiries to provide the necessary information to farmers accessing the interactive voice response(IVR) in the system with the experts on-line or off-line, and issue the early warnings about the fruit tree pests when it is necessary according to analysis on the monitoring data about the pests of fruit trees in variety of ways including SMS, fax, voice and intersystem e-mail.The system provides a platform and a new pattern for agricultural technology extension with a high coverage rate of agricultural technology in rural regions, and it can solve the problem of agriculture information service 'last kilometer' in China. The effectiveness of the system was certified.
Cardiac arrest(CA) is a prominent cause of mortality worldwide. A large number of patients after post-cardiac arrest is often associated with a phase of impaired immunity. Through an asphyxial cardiac arrest rat model, we investigate the peripheral blood T cells subsets and the expressions of surface molecules after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Sprague-Dawley rats (weight, 300-400 g) were randomly divided into cardiac arrest (CA) group and sham-operated group. CA group rats were induced by 6 minutes of asphyxia. After successful ROSC, 24 surviving rats in two groups were randomly assigned to be sacrificed (n = 8 per subgroup) at 3, 24 and 72 h. The proportion of T cells and CD4 + , CD8 + subsets as well as the expression of surface molecules (CTLA-4, PD-1, CD28) on T cells were identified by flow cytometry. The protein concentrations of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-17A) in serum were measured by ELISA. Compared with sham-operated control group, CD3 + lymphocytes in CA group were significantly decreased at 24 and 72 h post-ROSC. The expression levels of CD28, PD-1, and CTLA-4 on T cells were markedly increased in CA groups at 24 h post-ROSC.Additionally, the concentrations of IFN-γ were significantly declined, while IL-4 was markedly elevated in the CA group at 24 and 72 h post-ROSC. T cells function is moderately changed after CA, which is associated with decreased percentage of T cells, the upregulation of co-inhibitory molecules, and the shift from T helper (Th) 1 to Th2.
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