Although it has been known that γδ T cells may play an important role in the immune response to infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the mechanisms by which the γδ T cells participate in the innate and/or acquired immunity to tuberculosis (TB) have not been full elucidated. In the present study, 27 patients with active pulmonary TB and 16 healthy donors (HD) were performed. We found that proportion of IL-17-producing cells among lymphocyte was similar between TB patients and HD, whereas the proportions of γδ T cells in IL-17-producing cells (59.2%) and IL-17-producing cells in γδ T cells (19.4%) in peripheral blood were markedly increased in TB patients when compared to those in HD (43.9% and 7.7%, respectively). In addition, the proportions of IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells in TB patients were obviously lower than that in HD. Upon re-stimulated with M. tb heat-treated antigen (M. tb-HAg) in vitro, fewer IL-17-producing γδ T cells were generated from HD and TB patients, whereas IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells were increased in TB patients compared to that in HD. Our findings in TB patients and healthy human were consistent with other murine investigation that the IL-17-producing γδ T cells were main source of IL-17 in mouse model of BCG infection, suggesting that γδ T cells might be involved in the formation of tubercular granuloma in pulmonary TB patients, but need further identification.
Diamond wire saw is the leading technology for use in cutting hard brittle material. Its smaller kerf and faster cutting time make it replacing the conventional slurry technology for those materials. Turned over the traditional router, this paper presents a novel approach that replaces the typical metallic core with a nonmetallic core, for manufacturing of ultraviolet curing resin fixed-abrasive diamond wire saw (DWS). The experiments show that the diamond wire saw made by this manufacturing method can obtain a good performance as well as taking many other advantages.
A novel technology is studied in this paper to make photosensitive resin grinding wheel based on layered manufacturing technology. The bond strength among resin layers is analyzed. An effective measure is proposed to improve the bond strength among resin layers of the grinding wheel. We add magnetic abrasive particles into the liquid resin to get rough surface and increase contact area by action of magnetic force. Some experiments are curried out for testing shear strength of resin with magnetic abrasive under different conditions. Results show that this method had a significant effect in improving the bond strength among layers of new grinding wheel.
Diamond wire saw is the leading technology for use in slicing hard brittle material. This paper provides a brief review of its research progress in the most recent years. According to the bonding material kinds of diamond wire saw, it can be classified into three main categories, i.e. metallic bonding materials, organic bonding materials, and resin bonding materials. In the past decade, several new major technical developments in fixed abrasive diamond wire saw have emerged. This paper investigates the related literature on four different types of fixed abrasive diamond wire saws, presents their manufacturing processes and machining performance, and compares the tension and anti-abrasion of the wire saws, removal efficiency of slicing, and their applications in silicon slicing.
Heat generated during wire saw slicing can cause silicon temperature raise and make silicon wafer warpage, especially for larger silicon wafers. In order to study the wire saw effect on silicon temperature during slicing process, three kinds of wire saw, mainly semi-fixed abrasive wire saw and traditional wire saw, are applied for slicing silicon ingot. In this paper, the thermocouple is used to measure the temperature of the silicon during wire saw slicing. The experiment results show that the temperature of the silicon increases along with the wire saw working direction and reaches maximum value near the outlet position of silicon. The temperature of the silicon sliced by semi-fixed abrasive wire saw is lower than that sliced by traditional wire saw.
According to lateral powder system due to gravity, the controllable rapid powder switch is first tried based on the principle that air pressure can change the direction of power. Then, three kinds of modified schemes are provided based on the experiment to remedy the lack of first try. Finally, one scheme is selected and realized, which can solve the problem of synchronization of laser and powder, and advance powder utilization factor.
Slicing the wafers with diamond wire saw is recently paid much attention. This study proposes a novel method for developing a kind of diamond wire saws with ultraviolet curing resin and spraying technique. The process of wire saw manufacturing and the selection of optimal parameters are introduced. The experiments of the slicing marble are carried out using different diamond wire saws. The effects of wire saw running speed, work-piece in-feed speed, work-piece rotation frequency on the material removal rate, and surface roughness were investigated. Result shows that new method for development of diamond wire saw is feasible.
Subway engineering is a long range program. Metro structure waterproof is a major technology to ensure the durability of structure. With the experience accumulation and technical maturity of our country's subway construction, waterproof technology is developing fast. The design concept and material of underground waterproof stay updated. According to the Shenyang subway metro construction experience, this article do a research on the on the cold regions based on the geological conditions and climate characteristics. Focusing on the subarea waterproof and natural sodium bentonite soil waterproof blanket are described, this article make a detail analysis on the proof about the design concept, waterproofing system, material selection, construction technology and other aspects. The content of this article has been in the works in practical application, which can provides reference for other similar project .
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.