Purpose To investigate the effects of various demographic, structural, radiographic, and clinical factors on the prognosis of patients with medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity undergoing medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in combination with bone marrow concentrate (BMC) injection. Methods In this prospective study, 20 patients underwent medial opening wedge HTO in combination with BMC injection with 12 months of follow-up. The structural and radiographic outcomes were evaluated by femorotibial angle and posterior tibial slope angle. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Multivariate nonlinear mixed-effects models with asymptotic regressions were used to model the trajectory of symptom improvement. Results Medial opening wedge HTO in combination with BMC corrected the malalignment of the knee and led to significant symptom relief. The improvement of clinical symptoms reached a plateau 6 months after the surgery. Greater symptom severity at baseline and lower Kellgren-Lawrance (KL) grades were correlated with better post-operative clinical outcomes. Body-Mass-Index (BMI), femorotibial angle, age, and sex may also play a role in influencing the extent of symptom relief. Conclusion Symptom severity at baseline is important for prognosis prediction. In clinical practice, we suggest that the evaluation of clinical features and functional status of the patients be more emphasised.
Context Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to have anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects. However, the benefits of CLA combined with exercise remain unclear, and studies report conflicting results. Objective A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the synergistic effect of CLA and exercise on body composition, exercise-related indices, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles; and of the safety of CLA supplements. Data sources In October 2021, the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for reports on clinical trials of the combined intervention of CLA and exercise. Data extraction A total of 18 randomized controlled trials and 2 crossover trials were included. The methodological quality assessment was performed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Pooled effect sizes were reported as standardized mean difference (SMD) for continuous data and risk ratio for dichotomous data with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 statistic. Data analysis The combination of CLA and exercise resulted in significantly decreased body fat (SMD, –0.42 [95%CI, –0.70, –0.14]; P = 0.003; I2 = 65) and insulin resistance (SMD, –0.25 [95%CI, –0.44, –0.06]; P = 0.01; I2 = 0) than did exercise alone. In subgroup analysis, the following factors were associated with significant outcomes: (1) body mass index ≥25 kg/m2; (2) female sex; (3) follow-up time >4 weeks; and (4) intervention duration >4 weeks. Nevertheless, supplementation with CLA during exercise programs was not effective for body-weight control, exercise performance enhancement, or lipid-profile improvement. CLA in combination with exercise did not result in a higher risk of adverse events (risk ratio, 1.32 [95%CI, 0.94–1.84]; P > 0.05; I2 = 0). Conclusion CLA combined with exercise is generally safe and can lower body fat and insulin resistance but does not reduce body weight, enhance exercise performance, or improve lipid profiles.
Silk fibroin (SF) is recognized for its rich nitrogen content and has been explored for its promising potential in energy storage because of its hexagonal pseudographitic structure from the direct transformation of the unique secondary protein β-sheet peptides of carbonized SF. In this work, we proposed a novel strategy that combined with in situ electrophoresis and electrogelation of SF as well as the electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) for producing high-level nitrogen-doped (N-doped) carbons. A high β-sheet content of SF can be synthesized in a three-dimensional (3D) inverse opaline skeleton via double-network microstructure (physical β-sheet cross-linking and chemical PEDOT cross-linking) induced by the hydrophobic EDOTs. This synergistic effect regulating SF distribution and balancing the intra/ intermolecular hydrogen bonding among SF results in boosting β-sheet contents. Herein, this 3D SF/PEDOT composite inverse opal (SPIO) exhibits a much ultrahigh-concentrated β-sheets (46.4%) compared to pure electrogelated SFIO with 16.4% of β-sheets. After subsequent pyrolysis, a high-level (14.7%) N-doped pseudographitic carbon inverse opal is realized. For evaluation as a pseudocapacitor, this high-level N-doped pseudographitic carbon inverse opal shows a capacitance of 342 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 and a commendable energy density of 31.7 Wh kg −1 at an ultrahigh power density of 25009 W kg −1 (at 50 A g −1 ). After galvanostatic charging/discharging at 15 A g −1 for 10000 cycles, the sample maintains an impressive capacitance retention of 89.8%.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.