General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. AbstractVideo content distributors, codec developers and researchers in related fields often rely on subjective assessments to ensure that their video processing procedures result in satisfactory quality. The current 10s recommendation for the length of test sequences in subjective video quality assessment, however, has recently been questioned. Not only do sequences of this length depart from modern cinematic shooting styles, the use of shorter sequences would also enable substantial efficiency improvements to the data collection process. Our previous work, using a double-stimulus methodology, indicated that shortening test sequences had a limited impact upon rating behaviour. Here, using a larger database and additional opinion score measures, we also explore the same effect within the popular single-stimulus approach. Two groups of viewers assessed reference and distorted videos ranging in length from 1.5s to 10s. Analyses confirmed our previous findings using the DSCQS paradigm, and were replicated when using a similar single-stimulus paradigm: while viewers' DMOS for 1.5s videos was significantly lower than for 10s, no significant variation was found between the groups of 10s, 7s and 5s videos. Together with our previous research, these data lead us to recommend the use of 5s, temporally-consistent video clips in quality assessment studies that employ either DSCQS or its single-stimulus * Corresponding author variant. The extension of our recommendation to further methodologies is also discussed.
Molecular models have enabled understanding of biological structures and functions and allowed design of novel macro-molecules. Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in molecular modeling are generally focused on atomic representations, but, especially for proteins, do not usually address designs of complex and large architectures, from nanometers to microns. Therefore, we have developed Elfin UI as a Blender add-on for the interactive design of large protein architectures with custom shapes. Elfin UI relies on compatible building blocks to design single-and multiple-chain protein structures. The software can be used: (1) as an interactive environment to explore building blocks combinations; and (2) as a computer aided design (CAD) tool to define target shapes that guide automated design. Elfin UI allows users to rapidly build new protein shapes, without the need to focus on amino acid sequence, and aims to make design of proteins and protein-based materials intuitive and accessible to researchers and members of the general public with limited expertise in protein engineering.
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