The findings provide Chinese nurses with a definition of nursing articulated in their own language. The identification of qing, li, zhi, and xin as its epistemic concerns, and the articulation of the process of nursing as 'dialectical verification', provides a perspective for understanding nursing based on Eastern philosophies. The findings can enhance nurses' engagement in a cross-cultural dialogue to promote better understanding of nursing as it is practised in different parts of the world.

There was significantly more bone stock in the medial acetabular wall in patients with higher-degree subluxation than there was in the less-severe class. This difference should be taken into consideration when reconstructing acetabula in THA in patients with DDH using the technique of medialization.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of skeletonized bilateral or single internal thoracic artery (ITA) grafting on the risk of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) in diabetic patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). Materials and Methods: A total of 803 diabetic patients undergoing OPCAB surgery from January 2010 to December 2014 were enrolled into this study and assigned to the pSITA group (patients undergoing pedicled single ITA grafting, n = 362), the sSITA group (skeletonized single ITA grafting, n = 295), or the sBITA group (skeletonized bilateral ITA grafting, n = 146). The primary end point was the diagnosis of a DSWI. Results: Eighteen patients developed postoperative DSWI, with an incidence of 2.2%. Patients in the sSITA group had a significantly lower incidence of DSWI than those in the pSITA group (1.0 vs. 3.6%, p = 0.0408). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk of DSWI in the sSITA group was 0.41 times that in the pSITA group. Conclusions: sSITA grafting lowered the risk of DSWI in diabetic patients undergoing OPCAB surgery compared to pSITA grafting. Multicenter clinical trials involving larger sample sizes are needed to determine the merit of pSITA grafting in reducing the risk of DSWI following OPCAB surgery.

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This paper instructs the working principle of the well washing device and its parameter optimization in practical applications. A fluent fluid engineering simulation software was used to establish the calculation model of the bottom flow field. The fluid area inside the well washing device with different orifice diameters at 30, 40, 50, and 60 degrees was simulated, and the gas‐solid two‐phase distribution cloud map and corresponding data were obtained. The results show that the cleaning effect is optimal and with no dead angle when θ = 30° and d = 4 mm. Moreover, the optimization design using simulation technology is reliable and simple. Based on this conclusion, a patent for a cyclone reverse circulation well washing device was invented. Under the same conditions, the above results were also verified by comparison with ordinary washing devices.