Many disabled people do not have the dexterity nece s s a y to use a joystick or other hand interface for controlling a standard robotic wheelchair. I n many cases, some of them suffer from diseases which can damage a majority of the nervous and muscular syst e m in the body, but leave the brain and eye movement unimpaired. To this end, we developed an interface which enables a person to guide a robotic wheelchair by eye-gaze, using a minimal number of electrodes attached o n the head of the user. The device can measure the electrooculogmphic potential (EOG) of the eyegaze movement together with the electromyographic signals (EMG) from the jaw muscle motion. B y coupling these simple actions, one is able to navigate a wheelchair solely by the eyes and the jaw, which provides a n aid to mobility for severely disable people.
Abstract-This work envisions the benefits of applying the Instant Messaging (IM) paradigm in pervasive computing environments. With IM in such an environment, all smart entities, human or not, can interact using IM as the unified interface. To realize this vision, the design of a Smart Instant Messaging (SIM) system is proposed, which features context-aware presence management, user-centric resource configuration, and adaptive grouping. This system extends the Jabber-based IM framework and relies on an ontology-based supporting middleware to handle the chore of retrieving and interpreting contextual information. Three prototype versions of a client have been implemented and their performance in terms of memory usage and response time is evaluated.
In this paper, we explore the potential of extrapolating the instant messaging paradigm into pervasive computing environments. Under this vision, an instant messenger is regarded as a unified interface for all communications among human, software services and various devices. To meet the demands, we introduce a novel instant messenger system i.e., Smart Instant Messenger, with original features of context-aware presence management, dynamic grouping, and resource buddy services. This system is built atop a context-aware supporting middleware, which adopts an ontology-based context model and handles the chore of retrieving and managing context information. Jabber protocol is exploited as the underlying message exchange format for extensibility. The system prototype is implemented and evaluated with respect to the responsiveness of queries and memory usage of the middleware.
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