With the advancement of information technology, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is evolving fast and play an essential role in Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner and Operators (AECOO) industry. Universities play an important role in the current BIM transition in construction projects as well as to embrace Industry 4.0. In this research, immersive Virtual Reality (VR) in BIM offer a unique, supportive environment for the user experience in visualizing and collecting data from the model. With Virtual Reality (VR), engineering education has a major breakthrough. Immersive interactions, stereoscopic 3D, real time multisensory simulations, virtual explorations, synchronous communications, data analytics and visual analysis – all these are impossible without VR. VR offers a student-centred learning environment that promotes active and collaborative learning, situated within simulated real-world contexts.

Special reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete (SRLWAC) beam is designed as beam component in Industrialised Building System (IBS). It is used to overcome the difficulties during the component installation due to the heavy lifting task. This paper presents the flexural strength and performance of SRLWAC beam under vertical static load. SRLWAC beam was set-up on two columns corbel and tested under monotonic vertical load. Five Linear Variable Displacement Transducers (LVDTs) were instrumented in the model to record displacement. The ultimate flexural capacity of the beam was obtained at the end of experiment where failure occurred. Performance of the beam was evaluated in load-displacement relationship of beam and mode of failure. SRLWAC beam was then modelled and simulated by nonlinear finite element software- Autodesk Simulation Mechanical. Result from finite element analysis was verified by experimental result. Maximum mid-span displacement, Von-Mises stress, concrete maximum principal stress, and yielding strength of reinforcement were discussed in this paper. The beam was behaved elastically up to 90 kN and deformed plastically until ultimate capacity of 250.1 kN in experimental test. The maximum mid span displacement for experimental and simulation were 15.21 mm and 15.36 mm respectively. The major failure of IBS SRLWAC beam was the splitting of the concrete and yielding of main reinforcements at overlay end. Ductility ratio of IBS SRLWAC beam was 14.2, which was higher than pre-stressed concrete beam.

No abstract

Past historical earthquake events from neighbouring countries have been proven to be disastrous. Building in the aftermath of an earthquake may reduce structural reliability, posing risk upon re-occupation of the building. Shock absorber viscous dampers were installed on a specific structure storey that could reduce the spectral acceleration and storey-drift caused by an earthquake. The research object is a low-rise, three-storey, reinforced concrete (RC) structure. This study aims to identify the dynamic response of the scaled RC structure with and without attached dampers and performs structural reliability of the tested model under the excitation of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) of 0.1 g to 1.0 g with a unidirectional shaking table. APIDO viscous dampers were installed parallel to the movement direction of the dynamic load test. The findings show the scaled model with attached viscous dampers reduces spectral acceleration and storey drift by 9.66% and 4.85%, respectively. Findings also show the change of the structural behaviour from single curvature to double curvature due to the increase in seismic structural resistance by viscous dampers. The breakthrough of this research shows that structural reliability analysis performed by the Weibull distribution function has a base shear capacity increment of 1.29% and 6.90% in seismic performance level Life Safety (LS) and Collapse Prevention (CP), respectively. The novelty of this case study building with dampers managed to increase the building’s base shear and roof shear capacity by 6.90% and 16% compared to the building without dampers under dynamic load excitation.

No abstract

Software simulation enables design engineers to have a better picture of possible structural failure behaviour and determine the accuracy of a design before the actual structural component is fabricated. Finite element analysis is used to simulate the behaviour of the reinforced concrete beam under the flexural test. During the flexural test, results are recorded for both simulation and experimental tests. By comparing the results, beam displacement, crack patterns, and failure modes can be studied with better accuracy. The accuracy percentage for yield load and ultimate load between the two tests results were 94.12 % and 95.79 %, respectively, whereas the accuracy percentage for elastic gradient before the yielding stage was 81.08 %. The behaviour between simulation and laboratory models described is based on crack pattern and failure mode. The progression of von Mises (VM) stresses highlighted the critical areas of the reinforced concrete beam and correlation between the experimental specimen, in terms of flexural cracks, shear cracks, yielding of tension reinforcement, and the crushing of concrete due to compressive stress. This paper concludes that simulation can achieve a significant accuracy in terms of loads and failure behaviour compared to the experimental model.

No abstract

Schooling system must provide high quality learning opportunities to meet the educational needs and ensuring achievement for every student. All teachers monitor their students’ progress throughout the year, includes formative assessment, questioning, providing feedback, etc. This practice helps teachers continually assess students’ academic performance and evaluate the effectiveness of their teaching. In this paper, k-means clustering method with deterministic model is used to analyze the student's overall performance. The results is important for educators to identify students who are at risk academically and areas where teaching strategies may need adjustment to better meet these students' needs.