Nanowire-structured MnO 2 was synthesized by a sonochemical method and its electrochemical capacitances were investigated in three kinds of electrolytes: liquid-type KCl solution, potassium polyacrylate (PAAK), and potassium polyacrylate-co-polyacrylamide (PAAK-PAAM) gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs). The prepared MnO 2 with a nanowire structure had a high specific surface area and narrow pore distribution, which was very useful for gel-type electrolyte in supercapacitor applications. The specific capacitance of nanowire-structured MnO 2 with PAAK electrolyte exceeded 484 F g −1 at the conventional loading weight of MnO 2 (1.02 mg cm −2 ) in the electrode. The nanowire-structured MnO 2 with PAAK electrolytes was a very promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.
:To examine the effects of a two-cation ionic liquid as an electrolyte component of a supercapacitor, 1,4-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl)butane tetrafluoroborate (MIBBF 4 ), dissolved in propylene carbonate (PC) or acetonitrile (ACN), is newly synthesized and tested here for potential use as an electrolyte of capacitor. The MIBBF 4 salt exhibits higher ionic conductivity in ACN than in PC. The supercapacitive properties of capacitors containing an activated carbon electrode and various electrolytes are evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The capacitor adopting the MIBBF 4 /ACN electrolyte shows the largest specific capacitance at low scan rates, whereas the capacitor adopting the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF 4 )/ACN electrolyte shows the largest specific capacitance at high scan rates.
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