Virtually all studies on transient pressure behavior of fractured gas wells assumed a single fracture of equa 1 half-length emanating from the opposite sides of the wellbore. However, multiple fractures may result from explosive, tailoredpulse fracturing, and hydraulic fracturing treatments. This paper presents the results of using a polar-coordinate simulator to investigate the transient pressure behavior of gas wells with 4-wing, 6-wing, and 8-wing multiple fractures. Results show that the dimensionless pressure, PwD' can be correlated with the dimensionless is the dimensionless fracture conductivity and xfr 12 is the fracture half-length ratio. The symbols, xf 1 and xf 2 ' represent the half-length of cr ~ 10, multiple fracture transient pressure behavior is significantly different from that of a single-plane fracture. A family of type curves was constructed using cross-plots of p 0 vs. t 0 w xf Transient pressure data can be analyzed using these type curves to estimate the number of multiple fractures in addition to formation permeability, fracture length, and fracture conductivity. Errors of about 5% in fracture length and 28% in formation permeabi 1 ity could result from the use of singlefracture type curves.
The macroscopic performance of three kinds asphalt and its after aging were analyzed, and aging mechanism and characteristics were explored by. FT-IR.The results showed that the asphalt dynamic shear G*/sinδis very consistent with penetration ratio, moving wavenumber of carbonyl is a valid indicator for the evaluation of asphalt anti-aging ability.
The surface free energy of the asphalt was determined using the Owen-Wendt method by determining the contact angles between asphalt and different probe liquids. The effect of rock asphalt on the surface free energy of asphalt was measured. The results indicate that the rock asphalt increase the surface free energy of asphalt, which enhances the moisture damage resistance of asphalt.
This paper aims to explore the reasonability of an evaluation method on high temperature performance of asphalt mixture through a series of experiements. The first step of these experiements is to formulate specimens of different high-temperature performances by Gyratory Testing Machine which simulates the on-road pavement to the most extent , and then adopt triaxial dynamic compression test to compare and analyze high-temperature performances of these specimens. By introducing concepts and indicators such as validity, reliability, discrimination, this paper evaluates comprehensively the discrimination results of various compression test parameters on high-temperature performance of asphalt mixture. It concludes that the evaluation effect of compression stiffness modulus is best, followed by the slope of logarithmic creep curve and accumulated strain area, and the evaluation effect of final compression strain is comparatively poor. That provides an objective evaluation method on high temperature performances of asphalt mixtures.
Matrix asphalt, rock asphalt and three different content of rock asphalt modified bitumen content were tested based on the elemental analysis,E-M-D method was used to analyze H/C and aromatic-carbon ratio. The result showed: organic matter content in the 5U rock asphalt by elemental analysis was extremely consistent with of rock asphalt with trichloroethylene measured,after adding 5U Rock Asphalt,the aromatic-carbon ratio of asphalt was Improved.
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