The effects of compressive deformation on the grain boundary characteristics of fine-grained Y-TZP have been investigated using surface spectroscopy, impedance analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. After sintering at low temperature (11SO"C), the grain boundaries are covered by an ultrathin (1 nm) yttrium-rich amorphous film. After deformation at 1200"-1300°C under low stress, some grain boundaries are no longer covered by the amorphous film. Yttrium segregation seems to occur only at wetted grain boundaries. Evidence has been found that the extent of dewetting increases with increasing applied stress.
YSZ electrolyte-supported hollow-fiber SOFCs were successfully fabricated and their electrical and mechanical properties were investigated. The as-prepared hollow fiber SOFCs show a high mechanical strength of 149.0 MPa and 177.9 MPa before and after reduction by hydrogen gas, respectively. The open circuit voltage (OCV) values are greater than 1.0 V and the maximum power densities reach 146 mW cm-2 at 800°C, using wet H2 (~3% H2O) and static air as fuel and oxidant gas, respectively. As a result of high packing densities, this kind of YSZ electrolyte-supported hollow-fiber SOFCs has a high potential for practical applications.
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