Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health problem that causes millions of deaths worldwide. The clinical manifestation of COVID-19 widely varies from asymptomatic infection to severe pneumonia and systemic inflammatory disease. It is thought that host genetic variability may affect the host’s response to the virus infection and thus cause severity of the disease. The SARS-CoV-2 virus requires interaction with its receptor complex in the host cells before infection. The transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) has been identified as one of the key molecules involved in SARS-CoV-2 virus receptor binding and cell invasion. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the correlation between a genetic variant within the human TMPRSS2 gene and COVID-19 severity and viral load. Results We genotyped 95 patients with COVID-19 hospitalised in Dr Soetomo General Hospital and Indrapura Field Hospital (Surabaya, Indonesia) for the TMPRSS2 p.Val160Met polymorphism. Polymorphism was detected using a TaqMan assay. We then analysed the association between the presence of the genetic variant and disease severity and viral load. We did not observe any correlation between the presence of TMPRSS2 genetic variant and the severity of the disease. However, we identified a significant association between the p.Val160Met polymorphism and the SARS-CoV-2 viral load, as estimated by the Ct value of the diagnostic nucleic acid amplification test. Furthermore, we observed a trend of association between the presence of the C allele and the mortality rate in patients with severe COVID-19. Conclusion Our data indicate a possible association between TMPRSS2 p.Val160Met polymorphism and SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and the outcome of COVID-19.
BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health problem that causes millions of deaths worldwide. The clinical manifestation of COVID-19 widely varies from asymptomatic infection to severe pneumonia and systemic inflammatory disease. It is thought that host genetic variability may affect the host's response to the virus infection and thus cause severity of the disease. The SARS-CoV-2 virus requires interaction with its receptor complex in the host cells before infection. The transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) has been identified as one of the key molecules involved in SARS-CoV-2 virus receptor binding and cell invasion. Therefore, in this study we investigated the correlation between a genetic variant within the human TMPRSS2 gene and COVID-19 severity and viral load.ResultsWe genotyped 95 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Dr Soetomo General Hospital and Indrapura Field Hospital (Surabaya, Indonesia) for the TMPRSS2 p.Val160Met polymorphism. Polymorphism was detected using a TaqMan assay. We then analysed the association between the presence of the genetic variant and disease severity and viral load. We did not observe any correlation between the presence of TMPRSS2 genetic variant with the severity of the disease. However, we identified significant association between the p.Val160Met polymorphism and the SARS-CoV-2 viral load, as estimated by the Ct value of the diagnostic nucleic acid amplification test. Furthermore, we observed a trend of association between the presence of the C allele and the mortality rate in patients with severe COVID-19. ConclusionOur data indicate a possible association between TMPRSS2 p.Val160Met polymorphism and SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and the outcome of Covid-19.
This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2020 to May 2021. This study recruited 86 patients with confirmed PCR positive for COVID-19 who were treated in the isolation ward of Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Examination of serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and LDH was performed on the first and the sixth day of hospital admission. Found on the first day of admission the same significant correlation between IL-6 and CRP on males and females with rs=0,475 (p<0,01) and rs=0,663 (p<0,01) respectively. Correlation between IL-6 and LDH on the first day of admission on both males and females were also significant with rs=0,403 (p<0,01) and rs=0,484 (p<0,01) respectively. IL-6 and CRP on the sixth day of admission showed significant correlation on males with rs=0,621 (p<0,01), but not on females with rs=0,120 (p=0,586). IL-6 and LDH on the sixth day of admission also showed significant correlation on males with rs=0,544 (p<0,01), but not on females with rs=0,030 (p=0,893). In conclusion, there were significant positive correlations between IL-6, CRP, and LDH on the first day of admission on both male and female subjects which showed that IL-6 was associated with inflammatory response on the acute phase of COVID-19. However, on the sixth day of admission, IL-6 showed significant positive correlations with CRP and LDH only on male subjects, but not on female subjects.
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