Hydrocephalus is a very common brain disorder affecting both children and adult populations. Its global burden has been well documented in the literature, and its management is not without challenges and complications, especially in low-income countries. This study aims at reviewing the management of hydrocephalus in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria and illustrating two cases managed with peculiar challenges. This study is a retrospective clinical review of 170 patients with hydrocephalus amenable to ventriculoperitoneal shunting as primary treatment. Two cases of hydrocephalus with peculiar management challenges were illustrated. The first case was that of an abandoned infant with hydrocephalus. The second case was that of a 5-year-old boy with post-meningitic hydrocephalus with delays in having cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting. Majority of the patients with hydrocephalus were infants (71.2%), and the top two most common etiologies were aqueductal stenosis (64.7%) and post-meningitic hydrocephalus (11.2%), respectively. Shunt infection was the most common complication (9.4%), which was within the lower limit of rates reported in the literature (8.6%–50%). Approximately 84% of shunting had no complication. In conclusion, ventriculoperitoneal shunting is the preferred treatment option for hydrocephalus in low-income countries, and it is not without management challenges that are peculiar to these climes. Shunt infection appeared to be the most common complication.

Background: Central nervous system tumors are a complex heterogeneous group of neoplasm comprising both benign and malignant tumors with varied patterns in clinical picture and histologic profile. There have been some similarities and differences seen in the pattern of clinicopathological profile worldwide, however, there is a paucity of study to show the pattern in Nigeria. Aim: This study aimed at describing the clinical and histopathological pattern of central nervous system tumors in our institution. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective review of cases of central nervous tumors from 2010 to 2021. Information on clinical presentations and histopathology of the tumors were reviewed and analyzed. Results: We found 115 cases of central nervous system tumor with a mean age of 43.7 years and female preponderance. The most common presentations were headache (59 cases, 55.5%) for brain tumors and neck/back pain (16 cases, 100%) for spinal tumors. Supratentorial tumors were the most common accounting for (69 cases, 60%), and sellar region, the commonest site accounting for (25 cases, 29%) of primary brain tumors. Neuroepithelial tumors accounted for the majority (35 cases, 30.4%) Conclusion: Central nervous system tumors were most common in the 5th decade with female preponderance. Neuroepithelial tumors have the highest incidence in the tumor groups.