The lack of a validated measure of active–passive union participation and a dearth of research into the relationship between generational cohort and union participation challenge union leaders to develop policies and practices to facilitate union renewal. We address these issues by (a) developing a multidimensional measure of union participation that captures both active and passive components, (b) using structural equation modelling to validate the measure within a nomological framework, and (c) investigating the impact of generational cohort on all paths in our framework. Data from members of a large American union confirm that generational cohort influences how union members participate in their union. The two‐factor measure developed in this study facilitates research into antecedents and outcomes of passive and active union participation. Our findings should also prove useful to unions seeking to increase participation within their membership, academics researching unions and generational cohort, and human resource practitioners operating in unionised environments.

The tribunes of the people at Rome were an immensely significant constitutional institution and are intimately associated with the early days of the Republic. The sources present a varied account of their origin and powers, and the debates visible in those versions are strongly related to the disputed nature of the plebs and its role in the formation of Rome's political community. Moreover, the close connections of the tribunes with writing, record-keeping and with Greekness all raise questions about the sophistication of the early Republic, but are also implicated in debates over the reliability of the historiographical tradition. This paper considers the arguments for accepting the reliability of some aspects of that tradition and presents an account of the tribunes' functions in the early Republic, including their sacrosanctity.

This study uses a sample of 832 Canadian public servants to test a theoretically derived framework which hypothesizes that generational cohort: (1) predicts the importance public servants place on intrinsic and extrinsic work values, (2) predicts the perceived availability of such rewards in public service workplaces, and (3) impacts the relationship between perceived availability of important rewards, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. Our study adds to the limited body of research on generational cohort and work values in the public service. Generational cohort had little impact on the importance of work values, but did predict perceived availability of work-rewards and the relationship between perceived availability of important rewards, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. Findings could help public service organizations' recruitment and retention efforts. RésuméLa présente étude s'appuie sur un échantillon de 832 fonctionnaires canadiens pour tester le cadre théorique basé sur les hypothèses selon lesquelles la cohorte générationnelle:(1) prédit l'importance que les fonctionnaires accordent aux valeurs intrinsèques et extrinsèques du travail, (2) prédit la disponibilité perçue de ces récompenses dans les milieux de travail de la fonction publique et (3) influe sur la relation entre la disponibilité perçue de récompenses importantes, l'engagement organisationnel et la satisfaction au travail. Notre étude s'ajoute au nombre limité de recherches sur la cohorte générationnelle et les valeurs liées au travail au sein de la fonction publique. Elle montre que même si la cohorte générationnelle a peu d'impact sur l'importance des valeurs professionnelles, en revanche, elle prédit la disponibilité perçue des récompenses professionnelles et la relation entre la disponibilité perçue de récompenses importantes, l'engagement organisationnel et la satisfaction au travail. Nos résultats pourraient aider les organisations de la fonction publique dans leurs efforts de recrutement et de rétention.

Critical discourse analysis (CDA) has increasingly served to examine the content of textbooks. Given momentum by critical social inquiry pertaining to textbook content, this study looks at peer-reviewed literature drawn from three scholarly databases (JSTOR, ERIC, and SAGE; cross-referenced with searches on Google Scholar) that use critical discourse analysis for those investigations. Reviewing the selected literature, this study asks: What are the most represented approaches of CDA used for examining textbooks? What contextual themes appear to draw the most attention? In what fields of study are the examined textbooks situated? How do these emergent themes appear to be connected? What areas of research appear lacking in the collected literature? The findings illustrate that, while the methods of CDA and types of textbooks examined are diverse, the lion’s share of contextual attention and critical utility appear to be given to foundational approaches to CDA and textbooks used for English language teaching. Further research directions on textbooks from a CDA perspective are discussed.

This paper presents key findings from a multimethod study analysing the communication practices of a large American labour union through a generational cohort lens. Survey data were used to compare how the union communicates information to its members with how participants would like to receive this information. Interview data were analyzed to help us better understand union members' perceptions of their union's communication practices and how these could be improved. This research determined that union members wanted the union to make more of an effort to use face‐to‐face communication practices. Younger union members want their union to make more use of electronic communication technologies.