Gas separation membranes are of interest for a variety of important applications, such as air separation, hydrogen recovery, carbon dioxide capture and the recovery of volatile organics from gas streams. 1 Membrane processes offer energy-efficient and lowcost solutions for many industrial problems. High free volume
Nitrile groups in the polymer of
intrinsic microporosity PIM-1
were reduced to primary amines using borane complexes. In adsorption
experiments, the novel amine–PIM-1 showed higher CO2 uptake and higher CO2/N2 sorption selectivity
than the parent polymer, with very evident dual-mode sorption behavior.
In gas permeation with six light gases, the individual contributions
of solubility and diffusion to the overall permeability was determined
via time-lag analysis. The high CO2 affinity drastically
restricts diffusion at low pressures and lowers CO2 permeability
compared to the parent PIM-1. Furthermore, the size-sieving properties
of the polymer are increased, which can be attributed to a higher
stiffness of the system arising from hydrogen bonding of the amine
groups. Thus, for the H2/CO2 gas pair, whereas
PIM-1 favors CO2, amine–PIM-1 shows permselectivity
toward H2, breaking the Robeson 2008 upper bound.
A new simple procedure for microwave-assisted organic synthesis under continuous flow processing has been developed for use in a monomodal microwave synthesizer with direct temperature control using the instrument's in-built IR sensor. This design makes optimum use of the standing wave cavity to improve the energy efficiency of microwave-assisted flow reactions.
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