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Aim: This executive summary of the valvular heart disease guideline provides recommendations for clinicians to diagnose and manage valvular heart disease as well as supporting documentation to encourage their use. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 1, 2010, to March 1, 2020, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Reports, and other selected database relevant to this guideline. Structure: Many recommendations from the earlier valvular heart disease guidelines have been updated with new evidence and provides newer options for diagnosis and treatment of valvular heart disease. This summary includes only the recommendations from the full guideline which focus on diagnostic work-up, the timing and choice of surgical and catheter interventions, and recommendations for medical therapy. The reader is referred to the full guideline for graphical flow charts, text, and tables with additional details about the rationale for and implementation of each recommendation, and the evidence tables detailing the data considered in developing these guidelines.

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There are a number of constraints which limit the current and voltages which can be applied on a multiple drive electrical imaging system. One obvious constraint is to limit the maximum Ohmic power dissipated in the body. Current patterns optimising distinguishability with respect to this constraint are singular functions of the difference of transconductance matrices with respect to the power norm. (the optimal currents of Isaacson). If one constrains the total current (L 1 norm) the optimal patterns are pair drives. On the other hand if one constrains the maximum current on each drive electrode (an L ∞ norm), the optimal patterns have each drive channel set to the maximum source or sink current value. In this paper we consider appropriate safety constraints and discuss how to find the optimal current patterns with those constraints.