A new concept for the fabrication of free‐standing nano‐objects is revealed. The technology involves controlled release and manipulation of thin solid films on substrate surfaces to yield novel nano‐objects such as self‐erecting, vertical, and ultra‐thin membranes (see Figure), straight or twisted multi‐material and multi‐walled nanotubes (see cover), and advanced nanopipeline systems.
A wrinkled nanomembrane with embedded quantum well (QW), fabricated by the partial release and bond back of epitaxial layers upon underetching, is investigated by spatially resolved micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy. From the observed QW transition energies and calculations based on the linear deformation potential theory, we find that the bonded back regions are fully relaxed and act on the strain state of the wrinkled QW. Light emission enhancement observed in the wrinkled QW is explained by interference contrast theory.
Three-dimensional InGaAs∕GaAs microtubes are integrated by photolithography into a microfluidic device. The integration process, made possible due to advances in fabricating long, homogeneous rolled-up microtubes, is described in detail. Liquid filling and emptying of individual microtubes, and the final microfluidic device are investigated by video microscopy. The authors find an agreement for their channels with the Washburn equation [Phys. Rev. 17, 273 (1921)] for filling using a modified capillary pressure fit to experimental conditions. Emptying of a vacuum pumped microfluidic device also qualitatively agrees with theory. The results suggest rolled-up micro- and nanotubes as possible systems to provide fully integrative fluid analysis on a chip.
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