AbstrakPenelitian mengenai pembuatan edible film dari komposit karaginan dan lilin lebah melalui proses nanoemulsi telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perbandingan konsentrasi komposit serta kecepatan homogenisasi terhadap karakteristik fisik edible film dari komposit karaginan dan lilin lebah. Edible film dibuat dengan perlakuan konsentrasi karaginan 3,5 dan 4,5%, konsentrasi lilin lebah 0,2, 0,4, 0,6 dan 0,8%, serta kecepatan homogenisasi sebesar 2.000 dan 3.000 rpm. Karakteristik fisik edible film yang dianalisis, yaitu: ketebalan, kuat tarik, perpanjangan, laju transmisi uap air, serta persen kelarutan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan konsentrasi komposit karaginan dan lilin lebah serta kecepatan homogenisasi berpengaruh terhadap perubahan karakteristik fisik dari edible film. Peningkatan konsentrasi komposit karaginan dan lilin lebah serta kecepatan homogenisasi berpengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,01) dalam menurunkan laju transmisi uap air serta meningkatkan perpanjangan dan persen kelarutan, namun berpengaruh tidak nyata (p>0,05) dalam meningkatkan ketebalan dan kuat tarik. Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh dari komposit dengan konsentrasi, yaitu: karaginan 4,5% dan lilin lebah 0,8%, yang diproses dengan kecepatan homogenisasi 3.000 rpm, dengan nilai rata-rata ketebalan sebesar 0,1534 mm, kuat tarik sebesar 22,44 N/mm 2 , perpanjangan sebesar 22,5%, laju transmisi uap air sebesar 25,3411 g/ m 2 /jam, serta persen kelarutan sebesar 88%.Kata kunci: edible film, homogenisasi, kuat tarik, laju transmisi uap air Physical Characteristics of Edible Film made from Carrageenan and Beeswax Composites through Nanoemulsion ProcessAbstract A research on producing edible film from composite of carrageenan and beeswax using nanoemulsion process has been conducted, with the objective is to analyze the effect of composite concentrations and homogenization rate on physical characteristics of edible films. The edible films were made using carrageenan concentrations 3.5 and 4.5%, beeswax concentrations 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% and homogenization rates of 2,000 and 3,000 rpm. Physical properties of the edible film were analyzed, i.e: thickness, tensile strength, elongation, water vapor transmission rate and percent of solubility. The result, shows that the composite concentration ratio of carrageenan and beeswax and homogenization rate influence the physical characteristics of edible film. Increased concentrations of composite and homogenization rates have highly significant effect (p<0.01) on decreased of water vapor transmission rate and increased of elongation and percent of solubility, however have no significant effect (p>0.05) on increased of thickness and tensile strength. The best treatment was obtained from composite concentration ratio of carrageenan 4,5% and beeswax 0.8% with homogenization rate 3,000 rpm, with the average value of thickness 0.1534 mm, tensile strength 22.44 N/mm 2 , elongation 22.5%, water vapor transmission rate 25.3411 g/m 2 /hr and percent of solubility 88%.
Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan karbon aktif (KA) pada fotokatalis TiO2 serta aktivitas fotokatalitiknya dalam proses fotodegradasi zat warna metanil yellow. Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan KA dari tempurung kelapa, kemudian dilakukan modifikasi fotokatalis TiO2–KA. Eksperiman fotodegradasi metanil yellow oleh fotokatalis TiO2–KA dilakukan dengan perbandingan berat TiO2:KA sebesar 9,9:0,1 dan 9,5:0,5 dan konsentrasi metanil yellow 2–50 ppm, serta variasi waktu penyinaran sinar UV selama 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 19 dan 20 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase proses fotodegradasi tertinggi diperoleh pada perbandingan berat TiO2:KA (9,9:0,1) dan aktivitas fotodegradasi semakin meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu penyinaran.A research had been conducted to study the effect of the addition of activated carbon (AC) on TiO2 photocatalyst and its photocatalytic activity in photodegradation process of metanil yellow dye. The research was performed through the preparation of activated carbon from coconut shell and modification of photocatalyst TiO2–AC. Experiment of metanil yellow photodegradation by photocatalyst TiO2–AC was performed at the weight ratio of TiO2:AC of 9,9:0,1 and 9,5:0,5 with the concentrations of metanil yellow of 2–50 ppm, and time variations of UV rays irradiation of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 19 and 20 hours. The results showed that the highest percentage of photodegradation process obtained at the weight ratio of TiO2:AC of 9,9:0,1 and the photodegradation activity was increased along with increasing irradiation time
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