Die kritische Länge und die Dichte der Stufen, weniger ihre Morphologie oder die Abscheidungsgeschwindigkeit, geben Aufschluss, warum Additiv‐Moleküle die Kristallisationskinetik bei der Biomineralisierung beeinflussen. Dieser biologische Kontrollmechanismus beruht darauf, dass Fest‐flüssig‐Grenzflächenenergien die Bildung aktiver Stufen auf der wachsenden Kristallfläche verzögern (siehe Bild).
The emergence of advanced manufacturing methods capable of producing porous three-dimensional structures has expanded the design space for next-generation functional components. The ability to fabricate ordered 3D foams for use in electrocatalysis reactors has increased the need for controlled deposition of catalytic metals onto porous support materials, such as carbon. However, there is a lack of clear design guidelines for electrodeposition onto 3D substrates, due to the geometric complexity and multi-scale nature of the problem. Furthermore, electro-nucleation phenomena are often overlooked in macro-scale models of current distribution during deposition. Here, a graphite flow-through electrode is used as a model system for copper deposition within a single pore. Potential distributions and electro-nucleation phenomena are coupled in a continuum level model by incorporating nucleation size and density as a function of overpotential, determined experimentally using in-situ atomic force microscopy. The model predictions are validated by measuring the coating uniformity in the pore using micro-computed X-ray tomography. A scaling analysis comprising dimensionless parameters such as the Wagner number is presented. The simplified scaling relationship framework can guide the electrodeposition process and electrode design to optimize plating of porous substrates under fluid flow conditions.
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