The Oxford Handbook of Dialysis provides a patient-centred and comprehensive guide to all aspects of dialysis, covering everything from patient preparation and details of both haemo- and peritoneal dialysis, to continuous haemofiltration techniques and complications of end stage kidney disease.
This chapter discusses bone mineral disordersas a complication of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), including renal bone disease, hyperparathyroidism and hyperphosphataemia, hyperparathyroid bone disease, parathyroid hormone assays, low turnover bone disease, medical management of hyperparathyroid bone disease, maintenance of normal phosphate levels, vitamin D, paricalcitol, systemic effects of vitamin D, calcimimetics, examples of treatment plans for renal bone disease, parathyroidectomy, and calciphylaxis.
This chapter discusses incidence and prevalence of kidney disease, definition and prevalence of chronic kidney disease, causes of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and acute kidney injury, modality of renal replacement therapy worldwide, patient survival with ESKD, presentation of renal disease, presenting clinical features of ESKD, examination findings in ESKD, investigations for patients with ESKD, assessment of renal function at/near end stage, complications of renal failure, management of renal failure, assessment of patients for dialysis, supportive care in ESKD, assessment of patients for dialysis, checklist for assessing patients in a low clearance clinic, haemodialysis vs peritoneal dialysis, choosing which dialysis modality, concept of integrated care, education for dialysis, choice of dialysis modality, when to start dialysis in ESKD, how to persuade the patient to start dialysis, clinical indications for starting dialysis in ESKD, the acutely presenting patient or ‘crashlander’, and psychosocial effects of starting dialysis in ESKD.
This chapter discusses peritoneal dialysis, including factors affecting efficiency of peritoneal dialysis, effect of dwell time on solute and fluid transfer, modes of peritoneal dialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) technique and systems, peritoneal dialysis catheters, insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheters, pre-operative preparation for peritoneal catheter insertion, peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion technique, laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheters, investigation and management of malfunctioning catheters, peritoneal dialysate, advantages and disadvantages of different dialysates, prescribing CAPD, adequacy of peritoneal dialysis, peritoneal equilibration tests and modelling, increasing dialysis delivered by CAPD, examples of alterations in CAPD prescription, automated peritoneal dialysis, peritoneal dialysis in anuric patients, residual renal function, causes of underdialysis, exit site infections, peritonitis, TB peritonitis, treatment of automated peritoneal dialysis peritonitis and resistant peritonitis, complications of peritonitis (encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis, hernias, fluid leaks, prolapses, and pain), pre- and post-operative assessment for peritoneal dialysis patients, peritoneal dialysis and transplantation, and transfer of PD patient to HD.
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