Twenty-five species of Podocopida are reported in seven localities in the Sao Paulo State, Brazil, corresponding to the Serra Alta and Teresina formations (Middle to Upper Permian). The specimens are mostly preserved as steinkerns (internal molds), except some carbonitids and cytherocopines which are predominantly recrystallized. The results indicate marginal marine environments influenced by influxes of nonmarine waters, as suggested by the occurrence of Velatomorpha, Gutschickia, Carbonita and Darwinuloidea. Velatomorpha rochacamposi sp. nov. is described, and evidences of predation are reported for the first time in Paleozoic ostracods. This study contributes to the understanding of the ecology and evolution of nonmarine ostracods during the Late Paleozoic.
A systematic study is made of Early Cretaceous (late Aptian/earlyAlbian) ostracod assemblages from the Santo Antônio section. This section is characterized by sediment belonging to the post-rift sedimentary sequence of the Romualdo Formation in the southern-central region of the Araripe Basin, Brazil and represents on of the first marine ingression in the interior of the continent, during the beginning of the formation of the Atlantic Ocean. The Santo Antonio section presents ostracods in greater diversity than previously known. Nineteen samples were analyzed, yielding a total of 8,370 specimens. Fifteen taxa were identified, including six brackish ostracods: Pattersoncypris salitrensis, Pattersoncypris angulata, Pattersoncypris micropapillosa, Damonella grandiensis, Alicenula cf. leguminella and Theriosynoecum cf. quadrinodosum; and nine typically brackish-marine species, including seven new ones: Dicrorygma cf. minuta, Dicrorygma (Orthorygma?) dimorpha, Mongolianella aptianensis sp. nov., Mantelliana speculum sp. nov., Paracypris undulareventralis sp. nov., Microceratina retangularis sp. nov., Perissocytheridea oculusutilis sp. nov., Perissocytheridea poruslinearis sp. nov. and Perissocytheridea florisdorsalis sp. nov. Therefore, the detailed taxonomic study brings a new understanding of marine ostracods around the upper Aptian/lower Albian boundary of the Araripe Basin.
Microfossils have been found in most of the Mesozoic basins of Brazil, allowing the establishment of important biozones. Despite being recognized for more than half century in the Barremian from the Reconcavo Basin, the taxonomy of the benthic foraminifera remained unsolved likewise its paleoenviromental implications. In this study, we have applied 2D and 3D imaging techniques to resolve this issue and have identified two agglutinated foraminiferal genera (Glomospirella and Paratrochamminoides) and a new species Paratrochamminoides kaminskii sp. nov. Moreover, based on the taxonomy, few paleoenvironmental insights on the foraminifera-bearing strata are discussed. The occurrence of the typically shallow marine species Glomospirella arctica in the studied section, does not allow the proposition of a marine ingression, since it is not supported by a marine/ transitional association of microfossils. On the other hand, the hypothesis of transport of foraminifera by birds (avian zoocoria) is plausible, although there are no further elements to corroborate it.
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