Flüssigkraftstoffe können durch unterschiedliche Prozesse aus regenerativ erzeugtem Strom hergestellt werden (e-fuels). Viele der sog. Power-to-Liquids (PtL) Verfahren basieren auf der Umsetzung von Wasserstoff und Kohlendioxid zu einem flüssigen Energieträger. In der Pilotanlage, die zurzeit in Dresden von der sunfire GmbH in Betrieb genommen wird, werden Dampfelektrolyse, CO 2 -Konvertierung und die Fischer-Tropsch-Synthese in einem Prozess realisiert. In der Anlage soll die Machbarkeit des Prozesses demonstriert und dabei ein Fass flüssige Kohlenwasserstoffe pro Tag produziert werden. Power-to-Liquids: Synthetic Crude Oil from CO 2 , Water, and SunshineOne way to push forward renewable fuels is to convert electric energy from sustainable sources into fuels using so called Power-to-Liquids (PtL) processes. In addition, PtL processes can be used to stabilize the electricity grid, using renewable energy in times when excessive electricity supply is available. The company sunfire is currently commissioning a pilot plant to produce one barrel of Fischer-Tropsch product per day. The plant includes a hydrogen production through high temperature steam electrolysis, a conversion reactor, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and a distillation column.
The ecological footprint will rise from 1.5 in 2010 to 2 in 2050 if the energy mix is not changed from fossil fuels to renewable energies. A technology based on four steps is discussed including separation of CO 2 from flue gases, H 2 production by water electrolysis, CO production by reverse water gas shift, and synthesis of renewable liquid fuels by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
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