BackgroundEvidence is scarce on the trend in prevalence of geriatric syndromes (GS). This study assesses how GS prevalence changes over time in Swedish older community-dwellers by socio-demography, and attempts to highlight factors that may contribute to explain the trend.MethodsData from Stockholm County Council Public Health Surveys in 2006, 2010 and 2014 were used. Old adults, aged 65–84 years, with measurements on GS items were identified. Thus, a total of 17,560 participants were selected in 2006 (n = 6295), 2010 (n = 6733) and 2014 (n = 4532). Data on socio-demographics, lifestyles and health status were collected through questionnaires. GS was defined as having at least one of the following: insomnia, urinary incontinence, severe hearing/vision problem, functional decline, fall and depressive disorder. Logistic regression was performed to assess the prevalence trend as well as the change in the associations of sociodemographic factors, health behaviors and chronic disease with GS.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2014, the prevalence of GS remained stable (Ptrend = 0.54). However, among old adults born outside Nordic countries, it increased significantly from 73.0% in 2006, 78.0% in 2010 to 83.0% in 2014 (Ptrend < 0.001). Furthermore, the association with GS became stronger for born outside Nordic counties (Ptrend < 0.001) and weaker for sedentary lifestyles (Ptrend = 0.004), whereas the association did not change for other sociodemographic factors, health behaviors and chronic disease (all Ptrend > 0.05).ConclusionsAt population level, GS prevalence remained stable at a high level among Swedish old community-dwellers. There are noteworthy differences in GS trend between population groups, in particular to the detriment of older adults born outside Nordic countries.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-1018-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
PurposeThis national, population-based study aims to determine the association between the number of prescribed medications and adverse drug events (ADE) by unintentional poisoning and examine this risk when known indicators of inappropriate drug use (IDU) are accounted for.MethodsWe employed a matched case-control design among people living in Sweden who were 50 years and older. Cases experiencing an ADE by unintentional poisoning resulting in hospitalization or death (n = 5336) were extracted from the National Health and Death Registers from January 2006 to December 2009. Four controls per case matched by age, sex and residential area were randomly selected among those without an ADE (n = 21,344). Prescribed medications dispensed during the 4-month period prior to the ADE were identified via the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register and coded according to the number of different dispensed medications (NDDM) (0 to 10 medications) and IDU indicators (one single-drug, and three drug-combinations). Conditional logistic regression was used.ResultsEach of the IDU indicators was significantly associated with very high risks of ADE. For NDDM, we found a lower but graded positive association from two to ten or more medications (adjusted OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2–1.8). Exclusion of IDU from the NDDM decreased the risk of ADE, but the effects remained significant for three or more medications (adjusted OR excl. IDU, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2–2.0).ConclusionAt population level, the number of different dispensed medications starting from three or more remains associated with ADE even after adjusting for known IDUs. Clinicians and patients need to be made aware of the increased likelihood of serious ADE, not only in case of documented inappropriate medications but also in the case of an increasing number of medications.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00228-017-2220-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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