In representative samples of children and adolescents, on average, 2% are affected by Internet gaming disorder (IGD). The mean prevalences (overall, clinical samples included) reach 5.5%. Definitions are heterogeneous and the relationship with substance-related addictions is inconsistent. Many aetiological factors are related to the development and maintenance of IGD. This review presents an integrated model of IGD, delineating the interplay of these factors.

Our telemedical support program, VIE-DIAB, proved to be feasible in adolescents and helped to improve glycemic control.

In preterm infants receiving supplemental oxygen, manual control of the inspired oxygen fraction is often time-consuming and inappropriate. We developed a system for automatic oxygen control and hypothesized that this system is more effective than routine manual oxygen control in maintaining target arterial oxygen saturation levels. We performed a randomized controlled crossover clinical trial in 12 preterm infants receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure and supplemental oxygen. Periods with automatic and routine manual oxygen control were compared with periods of optimal control by a fully dedicated person. The median (range) percentage of time with arterial oxygen saturation levels within target range (87-96%) was 81.7% (39.0-99.8) for routine manual oxygen control, 91.0% (41.4-99.3) for optimal control, and 90.5% (59.0-99.4) for automatic control (ANOVA: p = 0.01). Pairwise post hoc comparisons revealed a statistically significant difference between automatic and routine manual oxygen control (Dunnett's test: p = 0.02). The frequency of manual oxygen adjustments was lowest in automatic control (Friedman's test: p < 0.001). Automatic oxygen control may optimize oxygen administration to preterm infants receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure and reduce nursing time spent with oxygen control.

SummaryBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to evaluate psychiatric problems and disorders among Yazidi Kurd refugee children and adolescents, who were assessed immediately after their forced migration following life-threatening attacks by ISIS terrorists.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the psychiatric assessments of 38 Yazidi children and adolescents (age 2–18, mean 12 years, m:f = 16:22), which were performed upon their arrival at the refugee camp.ResultsAll children and adolescents exhibited psychiatric problems and disorders, 50 % had one, and 50 % had more than one. The most relevant problems were disturbed sleeping (71 % of children), followed by depression (36.8 %), conversion disorders (28.9 %), adjustment (21.8 %), acute (18.4 %) and posttraumatic stress (PTSD, 10.5 %) disorders, and non-organic enuresis (18.4 %).ConclusionOur study confirms the results of previous studies, asserting that refugee children and adolescents do not just suffer from PTSD but from various other problems that are already present in the first days of resettlement. Children and adolescents living in refugee camps urgently need psychosocial support.

Medical diagnosis and therapy planning at modern intensive care units (ICUs) have been refined by the technical improvement of their equipment. However, the bulk of continuous data arising from complex monitoring systems in combination with discontinuously assessed numerical and qualitative data creates a rising information management problem at neonatal ICUs (NICUs). We developed methods for data validation and therapy planning which incorporate knowledge about point and interval data, as well as expected qualitative trend descriptions to arrive at unified qualitative descriptions of parameters (temporal data abstraction). Our methods are based on schemata for data-point transformation and curve fitting which express the dynamics of and the reactions to different degrees of parameters' abnormalities as well as on smoothing and adjustment mechanisms to keep the qualitative descriptions stable. We show their applicability in detecting anomalous system behavior early, in recommending therapeutic actions, and in assessing the effectiveness of these actions within a certain period. We implemented our methods in VIE-VENT, an open-loop knowledge-based monitoring and therapy planning system for artificially ventilated newborn infants. The applicability and usefulness of our approach are illustrated by examples of VIE-VENT. Finally, we present our first experiences with using VIE-VENT in a real clinical setting.

DM type 1 is associated with cognitive deficits in adolescents independent of the quality of metabolic control and the duration of the disease. These deficits are probably related to the disease, especially in patients with early-onset diabetes.

Effective SBIs are valuable tools for students with mental health problems if evidence-based cognitive-behavioural interventions are applied and rules of translational algorithms and implementation science are respected.

Out of 29, 16 (55 %, intent to treat, or 76 %, per protocol) girls were successfully treated, 5 (17 or 24 %) had a "poor outcome", and 8 (28 %) dropped out. BMI, eating behavior, mood, social anxiety, self-care, and self-efficacy persistently improved. Anorexic girls had multiple emotional deficits, low self-confidence, and exaggerated needs of control and of being accepted. Emotional deficits were resistant to change. Hedonistic activities, social skills, and recovery from depression were positive, comorbid disorders and parental psychopathology negative prognostic factors.