The supervision of the diggings prior to the construction of a car park on "place de la Madeleine" in Béziers in 1986, allowed the excavation of a very interesting pottery-kiln of the 5th century B.C. situated near the area excavated in 1985. This is a basic discovery for the protohistory research : it is the most ancient pottery-kiln of a Greek type found on the western coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Moreover, its exceptional preservation state is quite unique and made possible to study its construction techniques and its working. Its homogeneous filling up allows to date it in the 5th century B.C. and gives evidence of a local production of grey-monochrome pottery which will henceforth be termed "biterroise", as well as of a production of turned kitchen pottery. So, the pottery-kiln of Béziers raises again, though on a more concrete basis, the problem of locally produced turned table and kitchen pottery that copies similar products of Greek workmanship. Furthermore, this discovery throws a new light on the issue of contacts between the Greeks and the natives.
Excavations carried out in the centre of Béziers in recent years allowed the archaeological exploration of the levels Vth and IVth c. B. C. In this paper the authors present a collection of objects from a thick preparatory core for a road, representative of the last three quarters of the Vth c. The complete analysis of the collected objects, mainly pottery and metal objects, plus some fauna, is very detailed and abundantly illustrated. In addition, regional and Mediterranean comparisons bring the authors to stress the distinctives features of this large protohistoric agglomeration in the context of Southern France (concerning town-planning and private architecture, only touched upon here, but mainly table and kitchen crockery). Precise counts of almost 9 000 fragments provide a new reference basis for the Languedoc, but also for the far-west Mediterranean. The extent of the Mediterranean factors, the specificities noted and the remarkable scarcity of local indigenous features induce the authors to stress the particular relations of this habitat with the Western Greek world and its strongly Hellenised character and to consider the presence of Phocaeans.
HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Un four de potier de l'âge du Fer pour la cuisson de pithoi à Béziers (Hérault) : production, diffusion et fonction du pithos dans le Midi (VIe-IVe s. av. J.-C.
Recent excavations in Béziers (Place de la Madeleine) made it possible to resituate complete or partial desertion of the town to the period between 300 and 150/100 B.C. Therefore, a new reading of the passage quoting Besara in the Ora Maritima by Rufus Fiestus Avienus should be done. The source of lines 586-594 refers to a text depicting the town at a time which cannot be earlier than 300/150 B.C. but which could possibly be slightly later (1st century B.C. or even 1st century A. D. In the Ora Maritima, the description of the coast of Languedoc is very consistent and homogenous. Therefore, it could come from a single source, likely to go back to the time of the Roman conquest. According to this new piece of information, the coast would not have been described during a sea trip as it has always been believed; but here, in this particular case, the coast seems to be rather described after a land journey depicting the features of the landscape as it could have been seem from the Heraclan Way — Domitian Way between the 2nd and the 1st century B.C.
Daniela Ugolini et Christian Olive Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : Date de l'opération : 1994 (SU) Inventeur(s) : Ugolini Daniela (CNRS) ; Olive Christian (SRA) ; Le Meur Nelly (INRAP) ; Hasler Anne (INRAP) ; Sternberg Myriam (CNRS) ; Canal-Barcalà David (université de Barcelone) ; Ginouvès Olivier (INRAP) L'aménagement d'une zone commerciale à Sauvian [ZAC de la Porte, lieu-dit « Casse-Diables », (Fig. n°1 : SSituation du site de Casse-Diables, Zone 2, avec courbes de niveau)], commune située quelques kilomètres au sud de Béziers, a rendu nécessaires des recherches préalables (par Hervé Pomarèdes, en 1993), (Pomarèdes, Hervé ; Forest, Pierre. 1993.) qui ont mis en évidence un habitat de taille réduite d'époque protohistorique situé à environ 200 m de la villa romaine dite de « La Domergue » [(Ginouvès, Olivier., 1994.) et (Ginouvès, Olivier., 1994.)], [ (Fig. n°1 : SSituation du site de Casse-Diables, Zone 2, avec courbes de niveau), grand cercle]. Une opération de fouille préventive a été ensuite réalisée en 1994.
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