Bacteria associated with African catfish skin ulcers cultured in Abia state, Nigeria have not been documented. This study was conducted to determine the antibiogram of bacteria isolates associated with skin ulcers of African catfish cultured in selected localities of Abia State. Twenty (20) African catfish with skin ulcers were purposively sampled from the selected farms. Scrapings from skin ulcers were collected from samples from Aba north and Osisioma, processed for bacteria isolation and identification. Susceptibility of bacteria isolates to antimicrobial agents was determined using the disc diffusion method. Sixty percent of the samples from Abia north in combination with 50% and Osisioma, showed positive culture for Aeromonas hydrophila (40%), Escherichia coli (30%), Proteus spp (10%) and Staphylococcus aureus (20%); and Klebsiella sp (10%) and Aeromonas hydrophila (40%). The frequency of isolation of 30 identified bacteria isolates was Aeromonas hydrophila (23.33%), Escherichia coli (36.37%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.67%) and Proteus sp (10%) and Klebsiella spp. (13.3%). Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp and Klebsiella spp exhibited highest resistance to Vancomycin (100%). Similarly, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus spp and Klebsiella spp exhibited highest resistance to Nalidixic acid (100%), whereas Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus spp also showed highest resistance to Tetracycline (100%). All isolates from this study exhibited multi-drug resistance to antimicrobials. These organisms isolated were pathogenic and transferable to the final consumers. Hence, there is the need to ensure that African catfish with skin ulcers are thoroughly screened and appropriate medication given for prevention and control.
This study investigated the toxicity profile of methanol extract of Hura crepitans leaf on albino rats. The up-and-down method at a dose limit of 2000 mg/kg was used in the oral acute toxicity test. Twenty-four (24) albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups (A –D, n = 6). Group A (control) received distilled water, while groups B-D received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of the extract, respectively. The rats were dosed once daily for 21 consecutive days and weighed weekly. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment on day 21, the rats were fasted overnight and blood was collected into EDTA and plain bottles for hematological evaluation and serum preparation respectively. A manual method was used to determine the full blood cell count, while Randox kit was used to estimate the serum markers of liver and kidney functions. The extract was tolerated by the rat; the LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg. At 21 days of treatment, the extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) treated groups had 27.53, 25.98 and 25.33% weight gain respectively, while the distilled water treated group had 8.38% weight gain. The extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) reduced (p < 0.05) the packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration and red cell count, serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, but increased the total white blood cell in the treated groups when compared with the control group. This study suggests that methanol extract of Hura crepitans has hepatoprotective activity, promotes weight gain and could precipitate anemia when taken for a long period.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.