Police work creates unique marital difficulties. There are many factors that add stress to police officers' marriages, including shift work, long hours and unconventional schedules, divided commitment between work and family roles, and perceived personality changes among officers. When police officers carry work-related stress and behaviors into the home, they may experience difficulties in their family relationships. Unfortunately, relatively few researchers have investigated the impact of police work on spouses. In this study, we administered a needs assessment to police officers and their spouses to determine the types of difficulties evident in their marriages. Results indicated that officers and spouses generally agreed on stressors and sources of support. Although spouses reported feeling pride about being married to an officer, they also noted financial concerns, workfamily conflict, and law enforcement-specific stressors, such as negative public attitudes toward police. Officers and spouses reported relying on friends and family for support more than on professional sources. Implications for prevention and intervention when working with police officers and their spouses are discussed.

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SUMMARY: The paper describes environmental racism and its underlying causes and then presents a case study of environmental racism in the United

Spirituality may play a significant role in the decision of college students to use substances. Further research should focus on this important factor. Also, implementation of spiritual aspects into university prevention and treatment programs may help boost efficacy rates.

In an effort to help lower the costs of fluorescence microscopy and expand the use of this valuable technique in the classroom, teaching lab, and hopefully beyond, we provide two different open source designs for inexpensive epifluorescence microscopes. First, we explain how to 3D print the parts for a simple adapter that can be mounted onto a conventional compound light microscope with a removable head to convert it for epifluorescence and bright-field viewing. Second, we describe how to build a similar microscope using supplies that are available at most hardware stores or online. We demonstrate the capabilities of our designs using Tetrahymena thermophila cells that were stained with two common fluorophores (Rhodamine B or Acridine Orange) or tagged with a fluorescent protein. We further explain how these microscopes can be used to teach basic principles of photochemistry, biochemistry, and histochemistry, as well as cellular and molecular biology. In the spirit of making these designs open and accessible to all, we have named them “the OPN Scope”, and we include instructions on how to 3D print or build these microscopes (along with the underlying computer design files) as Supporting Information, so that others can access, use, or modify them as needed. Ultimately, we hope that these designs can provide new opportunities for expanding scientific education and research, especially in schools or regions that may lack the funding for more sophisticated scientific equipment.