While estimates of models with spatial interaction are very sensitive to the choice of spatial weights, considerable uncertainty surrounds de…nition of spatial weights in most studies with cross-section dependence. We show that, in the spatial error model the spatial weights matrix is only partially identi…ed, and is fully identi…ed under the structural constraint of symmetry. For the spatial error model, we propose a new methodology for estimation of spatial weights under the assumption of symmetric spatial weights, with extensions to other important spatial models. The methodology is applied to regional housing markets in the UK, providing an estimated spatial weights matrix that generates several new hypotheses about the economic and socio-cultural drivers of spatial di¤usion in housing demand.

Zhang J., Madsen B. and Jensen-Butler C. (2007) Regional economic impacts of tourism: the case of Denmark, Regional Studies 41, 839-853. The Danish interregional general equilibrium model LINE is presented together with its tourism submodel. The model is used to analyse the importance of tourism in regional economies and to decompose regional tourism multipliers. The difference between direct and derived effects is examined; and by using the model, the factors that determine the size of the direct effects and derived effects are identified. The analysis is applied to Danish regions which are divided into urban and rural regions. In general, the results show that tourism multipliers are larger in urban than in rural areas. Factors such as interregional trade, commuting and shopping leakage have to be taken into consideration when evaluating the derived effects. When the leakage is large, the tourism multiplier tends to be small. The paper also draws attention to the difference between absolute and relative impacts of tourism on the regional economy. Zhang J., Madsen B. et Jensen-Butler C. (2007) Les retombees regionales du tourisme: etude de cas du Danemark, Regional Studies 41, 839-853. On presente le modele interregional danois d'equilibre general appele LINE conjointement avec le modele secondaire sur le tourisme. On se sert du modele afin d'analyser l'importance du tourisme dans les economies regionales et pour decomposer les multiplicateurs regionaux du tourisme. On examine la difference entre les retombees directes et indirectes et, a partir du modele, on identifie les facteurs qui determinent l'importance des retombees directes et indirectes. On applique l'analyse aux regions danoises, divisees en zones urbaines et rurales. En regle generale, les resultats laissent voir que les multiplicateurs du tourisme s'averent plus importants dans les zones urbaines qu'ils ne le sont dans les zones rurales. Pour evaluer les retombees indirectes, il faut tenir compte d'autres facteurs, tels les echanges interregionaux, les migrations quotidiennes et la fuite des depenses des menages. Quand la fuite s'avere importante, le multiplicateur du tourisme a tendance a etre negligeable. L'article cherche aussi a attirer l'attention sur la difference entre les retombees absolues et relatives du tourisme sur l'economie regionale. Retombees economiques du tourisme Multiplicateurs du tourisme Modelisation macroeconomique interregionale Regions danoises Zhang J., Madsen B. und Jensen-Butler C. (2007) Die regionalen wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen des Fremdenverkehrs: der Fall Danemark, Regional Studies 41, 839-853. Vorgestellt wird das danische interregionale allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodell LINE sowie dessen Fremdenverkehrs-Untermodell. Anhand dieses Modells wird die Bedeutung des Fremdenverkehrs fur regionale Wirtschaften analysiert, und es werden die Multiplikatoren fur den regionalen Fremdenverkehr aufgeschlusselt. Der Unterschied zwischen direkten und abgeleiteten Auswirkungen wird untersucht, und es werden mit Hilfe des Modells di...

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This article tests the hypothesis that two industrial clusters exist in Jutland, Denmark. The article first discusses the theory of agglomeration economies in relation to industrial clusters, particularly with respect to spillover effects as a positive technological externality. Different methodological approaches to the identification of these effects are examined. In the light of this discussion, the article investigates the performance of two Danish industrial clusters that are frequently identified and examined in the literature. Little evidence is found to support claims concerning the existence and performance of the two clusters, raising wider doubts about cluster-based industrial policy. Copyright (c) 2006 the author(s). Journal compilation (c) 2006 RSAI.

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