Estimation of soil loss through water erosion is an essential exercise which can help decision makers and planners determine the severity of soil loss through rill and sheet erosion and also curtail the development of further gullies in an area already ravaged by gully erosion. While Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is the most commonly adopted model because it provides a straight forward approach for qualitative estimation of soil loss, however its rainfall erosivity component is found incompetent in most parts of the world. To overcome this deficiency, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was implemented using rainfall erosivity (R) values peculiar to tropical environment of the Anambra area of Nigeria. Rainfall erosivity (R-factor), soil erodibility (K-factor), slope factor (LS-factor), and cover management (C-factor) were generated in GIS environment and then integrated based on RUSLE equation to estimate the rate of soil erosion. The study indicated that about 1804.39 km 2 (39.49 %) of the study area have slight erosion rate of 0-10 t ha-1 year-1 , while the rates of erosion in 746.60 km 2
This paper takes an overview of the use of high reslution imageries for the establishment of digital topographic information, it also review some modern techniques of map making, using high resolution imageries. It shows that with the rapid and successful advances in remote sensing, GIS, and GPS technologies in the mapping sciences, coupled with the expected increase in the number of sensors for sub-meter (spatial) resolution satellite images,the sustainable development of Nigeria can be attained with the use of maps to achieve UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).
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