The antibacterial effect of a TiO(2) film formed by anodic oxidation was superior to that formed by thermal oxidation. The addition of Ag to the Ti specimen indicated a synergistic effect on the photocatalytic antibacterial property against S mutans.
Objectives This study aimed to assess the success rate and the amount of suture separation after the miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) procedure in relation to the chronological age and sex of the patients. Materials and methods The periapical radiographs of 215 subjects (95 male; 120 female; range, 6–60 years) who had undergone MARPE treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The success of suture separation was determined and, in suture-separated subjects, the amount of suture separation was evaluated by suture separation ratio calculated from the periapical radiograph obtained after active expansion. Association tests were performed using linear-by-linear association, the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, Fisher’s exact test, and the Mann–Whitney U test, and linear regression models were also developed. Results The success rate of suture separation was 61.05% in male, 94.17% in female, and 79.53% in both sexes. There was a statistically significant association between older age and suture nonseparation in male (p < 0.001), but not in female (p = 0.221). In suture-separated subjects, there was a statistically significant trend toward a low amount of suture separation with older age subgroups in both sexes (p < 0.001); however, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of suture separation between male and female in all age subgroups. Conclusions Older patients treated with MARPE, particularly in male, may have a reduced likelihood of both success in suture separation and sufficient basal bone expansion. Clinical relevance This study demonstrates that clinicians should consider that the success rate of MARPE and the amount of suture separation may depend on chronological age and sex.
Objectives To investigate the effect of local injection of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) on experimental tooth movement and subsequent alveolar bone remodelling in mice. Materials and Methods Sixty mice were randomised to receive daily local RANKL or phosphate‐buffered saline injections in the buccal premaxillary bone for 14 of 21 days of incisor movement, followed by a 21‐day retention period. Five mice from each group were euthanised on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 42, and specimens were prepared for haematoxylin and eosin, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase and immunohistochemical staining. Five mice from each group were subjected to serial microcomputed tomography until day 42 for tooth movement and bone volume quantification. Results The experimental group showed significantly greater tooth movement and bone volume reduction on days 14 and 21; an increased osteoclast number on days 3, 7, 14 and 21; and no difference on day 42. Higher RANKL expression was observed on days 7 and 14, with remarkable alkaline phosphatase activity. No significant systemic changes were observed. Conclusion Local RANKL injection leads to increased osteoclastic activity and facilitates tooth movement, followed by subsequent alveolar bone formation; this implies a reversible transitional acceleration of bone resorption.
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