Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) polymorphism was used to determine genetic relationships among 75 Sesamum indicum L. accessions of Korean and exotic sesame. Fourteen reliable ISSR primers were selected for the assessment of genetic diversity, yielding 79 amplification products. Of these polymerase chain reaction products, 33% revealed polymorphism among the 75 accessions. Genetic distances ranged from 0 to 0.255, with a mean genetic distance of 0.0687. The 75 accessions were divided into seven groups on the basis of unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis. The largest group consisted of 25 Korean cultivars, eight Korean breeding lines and 17 world-wide accessions. The other groups included 25 accessions, several of which contained useful traits. The dendrogram did not indicate any clear division among sesame accessions based on their geographical origin. However, all Korean sesame cultivars except 'Namsankkae' were clustered in the same group, indicating a narrow gene pool. Some of the Korean breeding lines were spread along the dendrogram, showing enlargement of genetic diversity. The genetic diversity data uncovered in this study can be used in future breeding programmes.

Three oat cultivars and one oat breeding line were evaluated for chemical, hydration and pasting properties. Protein, starch and β-glucan levels ranged 11.13∼14.37, 56.37∼64.86 and 3.44∼4.76%, respectively. The oat cultivars Daeyang and Seonyang contained higher β-glucan levels of 4.76 and 4.35%. The Daeyang variety had a higher water absorption index (WAI) of 2.83∼3.35 (g/g), but a lower water solubility index (WSI) of 8.67 ∼11.08%. Daeyang and Seonyang cultivars showed higher peak and trough viscosity, but lower breakdown and setback, indicating that they easily swell, and thus could possibly provide the desirable viscosity of an oat product. The β-glucan levels were correlated positively with WAI, peak and trough viscosity, and negatively to WSI, breakdown and setback viscosity.

No abstract

White salted noodles were prepared from reconstituted flours of various amylose content to determine the effects of amylose content on noodle dough properties and texture of noodles cooked for optimum cooking time. With decrease of amylose content from 26.5 to 3.0%, optimum water absorption of noodle dough increased from 39 to 49% and cooking time of noodles decreased from 16 to 7 min. Hardness of cooked noodles prepared from reconstituted flour consistently decreased with increase in proportion of waxy starch. Noodles less than 12.4% amylose content exhibited higher springiness and cohesiveness than noodles greater than 17.1% amylose content. Cohesiveness and springiness of noodles prepared with partial waxy starches, of which amylose content ranged from 16.6 to 22.7%, were comparable to those of noodles prepared from <12.4% amylose content. Amylose content of starch was significantly correlated with hardness, springiness, and cohesiveness of cooked noodles prepared from reconstituted flours.

This study was conducted to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with grain yield and its related traits by analysis of 122 doubled haploid population derived from a cross between Korean wheat cultivars carried different yield potential. DH population was evaluated in replicated field trials in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 at upland and paddy conditions in Iksan, Korea. Grain yield and its related traits, including days to heading and maturity, culm and spike length, spike number per m 2 , kernel number per spike, and thousand kernel weight, were investigated. A genetic map was constructed with 140 microsatellite marker loci and a total of nine QTLs were identified on eight chromosomes for grain yield and its related traits. The three QTLs, Xgpw2206, Xgwm247, and Xwmc471, were detected on chromosomes 2A, 3A, and 3B, and explained 10.1-22.8 % of phenotypic variation for grain yield. Among these QTLs, Xgpw2206 and Xgwm247 explained 10.7-37.9 % of phenotypic variation for days to heading and maturity, spike length, spike number per m 2 , and kernel number per spike. Other six QTLs on chromosomes 2D, 4A, 5A, 6A, and 7A accounted for 11.4-39.9 % of phenotypic variation for culm and spike length, spike number per m 2 , and thousand kernel weight. Those three QTLs for grain yield were applied to validate relationship between genotypes of QTL and 25 Korean wheat cultivars. Korean wheat cultivars carried hha genotypes based on the order of those three QTLs, showed higher GY (664.4 kg/ 10a) than genotype bha (494.2 kg/10a). Those three QTLs could be used in marker-assisted selection to improve grain yield and its related traits in Korean wheat breeding programs.