The effect of glucose concentration on erythritol production by Torula sp. was investigated. The maximum volumetric productivity of erythritol was obtained at an initial glucose concentration of 300 g l(-1) in batch culture. The volumetric productivity was maximal at a controlled glucose concentration of 225 g l(-1), reducing the lag time of the erythritol production. A fed-batch culture was established with an initial glucose concentration of 300 g l(-1) and with a controlled glucose concentration of 225 g l(-1) in medium containing phytic acid as a phosphate source. In this fed-batch culture, a final erythritol production of 192 g l(-1) was obtained from 400 g l(-1) glucose in 88 h. This corresponded to a volumetric productivity of 2.26 g l(-1) h(-1) and a 48% yield.
Objective To evaluate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HER-2 gene, body mass index (BMI) and the risk of endometrial cancer.Design Case-control study.
Setting Medical centres in Korea.Sample DNA samples and medical histories were obtained from 125 endometrial cancer cases and 302 controls.Methods The genotypes evaluated in HER-2 at positions
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