Detailed measurements of M ͑2 K, H, ͒ of HoNi 2 B 2 C, where is the angle that the applied field H makes with the ͓110͔ axis while remaining perpendicular to the crystallographic c axis, reveal three metamagnetic transitions with angular dependences H c1 ϭ͑4.1Ϯ0.1 kG͒/cos͑͒, H c2 ϭ8.4Ϯ0.2 kG/cos͑͒, and H c3 ϭ͑6.6Ϯ0.2 kG͒/sin͑͒, where ϭϪ45 is the angle from the ͓100͔ axis. The high-field saturated moment, M sat Ϸ10 B cos is consistent with the local moments being confined to the ͓110͔ direction. The locally saturated moments for fields between H ci ͑iϭ1,2,3͒ also manifest angular dependences that are consistent with combinations of local moments along ͓110͔ axes. Analysis of these data lead us to infer that the net distribution of moments is ͑↑↓↑↓↑↓͒ for HϽH c1 , ͑↑↑↓↑↑↓͒ for H c1 ϽHϽH c2 , ͑↑↑→↑↑→͒ for H c2 ϽHϽH c3 , and ͑↑↑↑↑↑↑͒ for HϾH c3. ͓S0163-1829͑97͒02902-0͔
The in-plane resistivity and magnetization measurements as a function of the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field and the temperature are reported for single-crystal samples of the HoNi 2 B 2 C magnetic superconductor. Features corresponding to several distinct magnetic phases and the coexistence of superconductivity with two of the magnetic phases are observed. Contrary to previous measurements for polycrystalline samples, reentrant superconductivity is not observed in the absence of a field for these samples. The measurements indicate an extremely rich interplay between superconductivity and different magnetic structures that can be influenced by field, temperature, and current. The results correlate quantitatively with and complement previous determinations of the magnetic phase diagram and qualitatively with determinations of the superconducting phases by measurements of the single-crystal magnetization and heat capacity. HoNi 2 B 2 C is highly anisotropic, and phase diagrams for the field along the ͑100͒ and ͑001͒ directions are presented.
Resonant x-ray scattering experiments at the Gd L3 edge show interference between magnetic and anisotropic tensor susceptibility (ATS) reflections in GdB4. Energy profiles obtained from the magnetic and ATS resonances exhibited approximately 10 eV separation between the maximum resonance energies. The findings show that the Gd 5d band experienced hybridization giving rise to a significant split into isotropic lower energy band and distorted upper band states that account for the magnetic and ATS scattering, respectively.
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