Background Adiponectin is an important adipocytokine and has been associated with the risks of gastrointestinal cancers (GICs). Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is needed to assess the causal relationships between adiponectin and GICs. Methods We retrieved the summary data of genome‐wide association studies for adiponectin and six types of GICs in East Asians. A series of quality control steps were performed to select the eligible genetic instrumental tools. Horizontal pleiotropy and between‐SNP heterogeneity were tested to choose the primary MR method. We also conducted sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of the main findings. Results We detected neither heterogeneity nor horizontal pleiotropy for the eligible SNPs in all of the MR analyses. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was therefore used as the primary method, and suggested that per 10% increase in log‐transformed adiponectin level was significantly associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88, 95% CI 0.81, 0.96), whereas with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.09, 1.44) and of biliary tract cancer (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.12, 2.12). However, only the association between adiponectin and HCC risk was statistically significant after correction for multiple testing. No statistically significant association was detected between adiponectin and esophageal (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.89, 1.23), pancreatic (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.78, 1.37), and colorectal cancers (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.93, 1.07). Sensitivity analyses did not find contradictory results. Conclusion High level of adiponectin may have a causal effect on and can serve as a biomarker for the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and biliary tract cancer.
Background The research aimed to explore mortality patterns and quantitatively assess risks of cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in patients with primary gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). Methods We extracted data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database for patients diagnosed with GEP-NENs between 2000 and 2015. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and the absolute excess risk were obtain based on the reference of general US population. The cumulative incidence function curves were constructed by all causes of death. Predictors for CVM were identified using multivariate competing risk model. Results Overall, 42027 patients were enrolled from the SEER database, of which 1598 (3.8%) died from cardiovascular disease (CVD). The SMR for CVM was 1.20 (95%CI: 1.14–1.26) among GEP-NENs patients. The cumulative mortality of CVD was the lowest in all causes of death, including primary cancer, other cancer, and other non-cancer disease. Furthermore, age of diagnosis, race, Hispanic origin, gender, marital status, year of diagnosis, grade, education level, region, SEER stage, primary site, surgery and chemotherapy were identified as independent predictors of CVM in GEP-NENs patients. Conclusions GEP-NENs patients have a significantly increased risk of CVM in contrast to the general population. Better cardioprotective interventions might be considered as a preferred method to protect heart for GEP-NENs patients.
Aim This study aimed to explore the risk factors of submucosal invasion in early colorectal cancer (ECC), so as to provide more accurate treatment strategies for ECC patients. Methods We retrospectively enrolled patients with ECC who received endoscopic or surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, from January 2017 to December 2021. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors of submucosal invasion in ECC. We used a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to estimate the predictive value of independent risk factors for the risk of submucosal invasion in ECC. Results A total of 109 ECC patients were enrolled, among them, 46 cases (42.20%) with infiltration depth of submucosa were classified as the study group, and the remaining 63 cases without submucosal invasion were classified as the control group. Univariate analysis showed that age ≥ 65 years old, lesion diameter > 1cm, differentiation degree, lesion surface accompanied by erosion or ulceration, redness and bleeding tendency were associated with submucosal invasion of ECC (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the moderate or poor differentiation (β = 4.158, odds ratio [OR] = 63.960, 95% confidence interval [CI]:15.149-270.038, P < 0.001), bleeding tendency (β = 2.828, OR = 16.914, 95%CI:1.728-165.553, P = 0.015) were independent risk factors for submucosal invasion with ECC. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of differentiation degree was 0.871 (95%CI: 0.797–0.945, P < 0.001), the AUC of bleeding tendency was 0.582 (95%CI: 0.471–0.693, P = 0.145), and the AUC of the combined measurements was 0.906 (95%CI: 0.845–0.967, P < 0.001). Conclusion Moderate or poor differentiation and bleeding tendency are independent risk factors for submucosal invasion with ECC. The accuracy of combined measurements is higher than that of single measuremnet. Patients with ECC meeting the above conditions should be adequately evaluated before surgery, so as to provide more accurate treatment strategies.
Background: Patients with gastrointestinal stenosis, Barrett's oesophagus, and vomiting during endoscopic preconditioning or after general anaesthesia may develop spontaneous oesophageal rupture in the literature. However, we found an unusual case in which oral sulfate solution triggered oesophageal perforation. Additionally, the oesophageal chasm uncommonly presented at the right wall, while most ruptures are located in the left wall of the oesophagus, and the unexplained and rapidly progressive right-sided pleural effusion in this patient could be associated with this entity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case of oesophageal rupture of the right wall after oral administration of sulfate solution in the literature.Case presentation: For this patient, he suffered from acute onset of unbearable epigastric pain and compression pain in the right chest, with dyspnea, chest tightness and palpitation, after severe nausea and vomiting following oral administration of sulfate solution, and findings from imaging and gastroscopy eventually confirmed oesophageal rupture. Anti-infective treatments, pleural drainage, rehydration and total parenteral nutrition were administered immediately; subsequently, we used a total of seven titanium clips to close the oesophageal rupture under gastroscopic guidance. Eventually, he demonstrated good evolution after the operation and was discharged after recovery. Conclusions: This case emphasizes the importance of considering BS when dealing with patients with severe vomiting, acute chest pain, or dyspnea, especially after administration of sulfate solution for bowel cleansing.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.