Purpose This study aims to investigate the role of knowledge hiding (KH) on academic performance, using three antecedents – relatedness with peers, territoriality of knowledge and performance motivation. It also looked into the moderating role of academic self-efficacy upon student’s KH behavior and academic performance. The research was grounded on the theory of reasoned action. Design/methodology/approachx Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the five hypotheses. The data was collected through a primary survey based on a structured questionnaire with a sample size of 324 students from the Indian higher education institutions. Findings The study found that performance motivation and territoriality are positively associated with KH, which is further positively related to students’ academic performance. Sense of relatedness had no influence upon KH behavior, implying that proximity of social relationships does not predict KH behavior among students. Additionally, it was also observed that while evasive (a situation where the knowledge hider deliberately provides incorrect, partial or misleading information) and rationalized KH (a situation where the knowledge hider tries to provide a rational justification for not sharing the knowledge) had a significant influence on the academic performance of the students, the effect of “playing dumb” was not significant. The study did not reveal any moderating effect of academic self-efficacy on all three forms of KH and academic performance. Practical implications The findings of the study are expected to be valuable for instructors, administrative authorities and policymakers at the higher education level, to create a more conducive teaching and learning environment. Out of the three hiding strategies, students indulge more often in rationalized KH. Based on the outcomes of this research, management may focus toward the creation of an institutional environment conducive toward knowledge sharing interdependency among students. Originality/value One of the novel contributions of this study is that it analyzes Indian higher education, providing a developing country perspective, thereby contributing to the body of knowledge in knowledge management and hiding. The study also intends to understand the interplay of constructs such as KH, territoriality, sense of relatedness and academic performance, which have not been discussed previously within the higher education context, thus making the research work original. The study was done among the students and hence, brings in the academic perspective in the KH literature, which has seen limited research impetus.
In the current day competitive business environment, continuous innovation has become a central strategy for most firms. The ability to achieve continuous innovation has been observed to facilitate the growth and profitability of a firm. Innovation can not only lead to new customers and market segments, but it also enables firms to develop a reputation for being innovative. In today’s world of fast-changing preferences and trends, such a reputation for a firm is likely to considerably add to its brand equity and growth prospects. The current study investigates the role of knowledge sharing, innovation capability, and marketing capability in a firm’s reputation for innovation. A set of hypotheses were developed to analyse these relationships using structural equation modelling (SEM). The data were collected from seventy-five (75) senior executives spanning across five different industries in the Indian service and manufacturing sector. The findings of the study indicated that a firm’s reputation for innovation is influenced by factors like innovation capability, which in turn is an outcome of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing within the firm. Further, marketing capability plays a positively moderating role between innovation capability and the firm’s reputation for innovation. Overall, the study highlights that the innovation capability of a firm is a result of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing inside the firm. However, such innovation capability alone is not sufficient for a firm to be viewed as “innovative”. The firm must develop and use appropriate marketing and knowledge management capabilities to highlight such an innovative nature of the firm in order to be viewed as innovative in the market.
Many governments seek the private sector to meet their development goals. One possible means to enlist this support is to impose mandatory or "hard" corporate social responsibility (CSR) requirements on large companies. To shed light on how mandatory CSR could be helpful in this regard, we study the case of India, where the government has required large companies to spend a fraction of their income toward development as CSR since 2014. We analyzed the expenses of leading Indian companies and found statistically significant similarities among these companies in their spending pattern across the different categories, which we interpret as isomorphism.By looking for the government's motivation and the companies' motivations-both perceive the priorities in unmet social needs-we present a conceptual model to explain this isomorphism in CSR expenditure across different categories. The model suggests that governments may find mandatory CSR helpful to direct corporations in achieving development goals.
The Companies Act 2013 has made a provision requiring corporates to spend 2% of the profits towards Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR). The purpose of this study is to analyse the expenditure pattern of corporates towards CSR activities in the period of voluntary spending and based on the results, evaluate whether insertion of such a provision in the Act was necessary or not. The sample consists of thirty companies included in BSE Sensex from 2001 to 2012. The analysis is done on the basis of number of companies spending on CSR, details of CSR expenditure, amount of CSR spending as percentage of sales and profits for each year and on an overall basis. The analysis shows that the CSR spending has been very low as percentage of revenue and profits during the phase of voluntary spending. The results also suggest that spending on environment and pollution control is not on the priority list of companies. Though, impact of CSR activities cannot always be evaluated in terms of fund allocations, still it is one of the most important indicators of the engagement of companies with society. Therefore, based on the findings, it can be concluded that insertion of this provision is an appropriate step by the regulators to make corporates socially more responsible.
Research on knowledge hiding has rapidly increased over the past decade, but findings have thus far not been systematically synthesized. This, therefore, has not only hampered the clarity surrounding the construct but also restricted growth in this line of research. The current study thus attempts to integrate the scattered KH literature through a systematic literature review to understand the growth of the KH construct, thereby synthesizing the extant research findings, as well as uncovering areas that require future research. Accordingly, 92 research papers were systematically searched, critically evaluated, and synthesized to make the available knowledge and evidence more accessible to scholars and practitioners. The synthesis not only answers some fundamental, yet blurred questions around the construct, but also provides a composite sense of diverse findings recorded in the extant literature that would assist in drawing conclusions and future decision-making around knowledge hiding behaviors. It also maps out the relatively neglected areas that require more attention going forward and consequently proposes that the next decade should look forward to more compare and contrast studies from a socio-economic, cultural, product-specific, and industrial sector perspective. The study is expected to motivate academicians and researchers to advance the field theoretically by providing a constructive platform for future studies, in the process, advance the literature in this field. Further, it builds a worthwhile case for organizations to recognize the existence of knowledge hiding and judge the associated risks, benefits, and harms to make informed decisions.
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