ATSURA, et al., 9 in 1959 and Ueki 1~ in 1963 concluded that the pinealoma was far more common in Japan than elsewhere. Although their conclusions have not been universally accepted because their series were based mainly on surgical specimens, observations do indicate that surgery is preferred by Japanese surgeons, whereas radiation or other conservative therapy is preferred in other countries. 1~ Our purpose in this paper is to re-evaluate the statistics of cases of pinealoma in Japan. Our material consists of autopsied cases alone, cited from Annual Reports of the Pathological A utopsied Cases in Japan, edited by the Japanese Pathological Society, s in which cases from all the university clinics and main large hospitals in Japan are summarized. Between 1958 and 1964 there were 87,395 such autopsies; 1,977 of these cases showed primary intracranial tumors. Thus, the percentage of primary intracranial neoplasms in all autopsied cases was 2.2%, which is comparable with that in series outside Japan. 14 Most reports dealing with statistics of brain tumors have been based on surgical specimens plus autopsy specimens ("mixed series"). As our material was based on autopsied cases alone, we have compared it with similar foreign series. General Results We found that 1,802 cases out of 1,977 (91.2%) had been histologically verified. All histologically unverified tumors were excluded from statistical evaluation. Pineal tumors (136) constituted 8% of the total ver
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