Circulating IGFBP-1 and ghrelin measured during an OGTT predicted major health events and death in older adults, which may explain the influence of the GH/IGF-I axis on lifespan and health.
We confirmed a previously reported association between circulating IGFBP-3 and diabetes risk in the older adult population, establishing that this association is present among women but could not be shown to be associated in men.
Background and aimsColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer for women and men and the second leading cause of cancer death in the USA. There is emerging evidence that the gut microbiome plays a role in CRC development, and antibiotics are one of the most common exposures that can alter the gut microbiome. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterise the association between antibiotic use and colorectal neoplasia.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for articles that examined the association between antibiotic exposure and colorectal neoplasia (cancer or adenoma) through 15 December 2019. A total of 6031 citations were identified and 6 papers were included in the final analysis. We assessed the association between the level of antibiotic use (defined as number of courses or duration of therapy) and colorectal neoplasia using a random effects model.ResultsSix studies provided 16 estimates of the association between level of antibiotic use and colorectal neoplasia. Individuals with the highest levels of antibiotic exposure had a 10% higher risk of colorectal neoplasia than those with the lowest exposure (effect size: 1.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.18). We found evidence of high heterogeneity (I2=79%, p=0.0001) but not of publication bias.ConclusionsHigher levels of antibiotic exposure is associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia. Given the widespread use of antibiotics in childhood and early adulthood, additional research to further characterise this relationship is needed.
OBJECTIVE
Levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) proteins are associated with risk of cancer and mortality. IGF assays produced by Diagnostics Systems Laboratories (DSL) were widely used in epidemiological studies, were not calibrated against recommended standards and are no longer commercially available.
DESIGN
In a split sample study among 1471 adults participating in the Cardiovascular Health Study, we compared values obtained using DSL assays with alternative assays for serum IGF-I (Immunodiagnostic Systems, IDS), IGFBP-1 (American Laboratory Products Company, ALPCO) and IGFBP-3 (IDS).
RESULTS
Results were compared using kernel density estimation plots, quartile analysis with weighted kappa statistics and linear regression models to assess the concordance of data from the different assays. Participants had mean age of 77 years. Results between alternative assays were strongly correlated (IGF-I, r=0.93 for DSL versus IDS; log-IGFBP-1, r= 0.90 for DSL versus ALPCO; IGFBP-3, r= 0.92 for DSL versus IDS). Cross tabulations showed that participants were usually in the same quartile categories regardless of the assay used (overall agreement, 74% for IGF-I, 64% for IGFBP-1, 71% for IGFBP-3). Weighted kappa also showed substantial agreement between assays (kw, 0.78 for IGF-I, 0.69 for IGFBP-1, 0.76 for IGFBP-3). Regression of levels obtained with DSL assays (denoted X) to alternative assays were, IGF-I: 0.52X +15.2 ng/ml, log-IGFBP-1: 1.01X – 1.73 ng/ml IGFBP-3: 0.87X + 791.1 ng/ml. Serum values of IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 measured using alternative assays are moderately correlated.
CONCLUSIONS
Care is needed in interpretation of data sets involving IGF analytes if assay methodologies are not uniform.
Objectives
Little is known about long-term changes in insulin-like growth Factor (IGF) proteins and glycemic status. We hypothesized that changes in IGF proteins are exaggerated in participants with type 2 diabetes or worsening glycemia versus those that remain normoglycemic over a 9-year follow-up period.
Design
Retrospective analysis of cohort study.
Setting
Participants were recruited from four States: North Carolina, California, Maryland and Pennsylvania.
Participants
897 participants enrolled in CHS All Stars, a cohort study of community dwelling adults aged ≥65 years.
Measurements
Plasma IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels were assessed and ADA cut-points for IGT, IFG, and diabetes were used to classify participants at baseline (1996–1997) and follow-up (2005–2006).
Results
At baseline, mean age was 76.3 years (± 3.6) and 18.5% had diabetes. Individuals with IFG alone and IGT+IFG had the highest levels of IGF-I and lowest levels of IGFBP-1, compared to individuals with normoglycemia or diabetes. The greatest percent change in IGF levels occurred in those who had diabetes at baseline (9-year changes: −9.3% for IGF-I, 59.7% for IGFBP-1, −13.4% for IGFBP-3); the smallest in individuals who remained normoglycemic at follow-up (9-year changes: −3.7% for IGF-I, 25.6% for IGFBP-1, −6.4% for IGFBP-3); and intermediate changes in those who were normoglycemic but developed IFG at follow-up.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that degrees of glycemic impairment are associated with varying levels of changes in IGF proteins. The exaggerated changes observed in the diabetes group have been previously shown to be associated with heart failure, cancer and non-cancer mortality.
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