Lattice codes and quantization-based techniques have received considerable attention as a method of digital watermarking with side information. However, these algorithms are also recognized to be highly sensitive to common signal processing primitives such as valuemetric scaling, e.g. changes in volume of a song, or re-quantization, e.g. JPEG compression. Hence, it is reasonable to investigate alternative codes which may offer the potential for superior performance. In previous work, we designed a new class of codes, called dirty paper trellis codes (DPTC), which are by construction immune to valuemetric scaling. Although DPTC have shown themselves to be resistant to certain classes attacks, the trellises were generated randomly, thus leading to suboptimal codes. In this paper, Ungerboeck's work on trellis coded modulation (TCM) is exploited to significantly improve the performance of the DPTC. Experimental results show that the resulting trellises significantly outperform the original design.
Dirty paper trellis codes have been introduced as an alternative to lattice codes to implement watermarking systems with side information. Their key feature is robustness against value-metric scaling in comparison with lattice codes. Despite the strong academic recognition, parametrization issues remain unclear. For instance, the impact of the trellis configuration on performance is still not well understood. In this paper, experiments on synthetic signals will be reported to investigate how the trellis configuration influences the bit error rate and the computational complexity. In particular, it will be shown that the original fully connected configuration, which was determined empirically, appears to be a good compromise between bit error rate and computational complexity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.