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Lidar (light detection and ranging) depolarization measurements were performed simultaneously at three wavelengths using a coherent white light continuum. The white light continuum ranging from the ultraviolet to the infrared region was generated by a focused 0.5 TW/100 fs pulse in a krypton gas cell at the atmospheric pressure. The lidar system consisted of three depolarization channels at 450, 550, and 800 nm. The observed depolarization ratios for each wavelength showed differences for clouds. These depolarization features in wavelength are discussed in terms of particle size and shape using T-matrix computations. The depolarization ratios at three wavelengths can be used to infer information on the size of the particles in clouds, assuming an ice crystal shape a priori. Also, the obtained size distributions from the three-wavelength depolarization ratios correspond with the changes in particle size indicated by changes in the Angstrom coefficient obtained by multiwavelength lidar techniques. This study demonstrated that the three-wavelength depolarization ratios provided additional information about the size and shape of clouds and aerosols.

Our findings suggested that CD13 enrichment was correlated with early recurrences, and poor prognosis in patients with HCC and that vimentin was associated with early recurrences. CD13 represents a potential therapeutic target for HCC, because CSC regulation and EMT suppression are essential in cancer therapy.

The binarisation of the EDI-OCT images can be used to quantify the activity of PCV and to predict the prognosis after IVA.