According to the advancement of the medical science in recent years, Taiwan has come into the aging society. Due to the increase of elderly people, the requirement of wheelchair is increasing gradually. Therefore, we develop a system to increase the security of the wheelchair. This research is to configure sensors in a wheelchair for measuring the position and the operation of wheelchair users. If the sitting posture of the wheelchair user is bad or the wheelchair user has the danger, the system will show a warning message to tell the caregiver. According to the position shown, the caregiver can go to the area to help the wheelchair user directly. In addition, a care system running on smartphone is developed, so that the caregiver can take care for wheelchair users anywhere and anytime. Finally, a novel data mining system is designed and implemented for analyzing the wheelchair operations for wheelchair users. It can find out the incorrect or unfitting sitting posture of the wheelchair user for long periods, or environmental problems to provide more useful information for the caregiver. The caregiver can take care for the wheelchair user by this integrated system.
Tree comparison metrics are an important tool for the study of phylogenetic trees. Path-difference distances measure the dissimilarity between two phylogenetic trees (on the same set of taxa) by comparing their path-length vectors. Various norms can be applied to this distance. Three important examples are the -, , and -norms. The previous best algorithms for computing path-difference distances all have running time. In this paper, we show how to compute the l_1-norm path-difference distance in time and how to compute the - and -norm path-difference distances in time. By extending the presented algorithms, we also show that the -norm path-difference distance can be computed in time for any positive integer . In addition, when the integer is even, we show that the distance can be computed in time as well.
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